MSDN: How to Encode XML Data - Article explaining how character encoding works and specifically how it works in XML and the MSXML DOM. - http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnxml/html/xmlencodings.asp
Chinese XML FAQ (in English) - FAQ about Chinese document encodings, and how they relate to XML. Also includes links and software. - http://xml.ascc.net/en/utf-8/faq.html
Entry-Level Unicode for XML - A "just enough education to perform" guide to Unicode and ISO 10646 for authors of XML parsers and other software that processes XML. - http://www.hackcraft.net/xmlUnicode/
History of Unicode Standard(s) - What document(s) define(d) the Unicode standard? This is a complete history of the Unicode standard from 1.0 to a preview of the (future) 3.0 and 4.0 versions to come. - http://www.unicodecharacter.com/unicode/standard.html
ISO 8859 Alphabet Soup - A commented graphical overview of the ISO 8859 character sets by Roman Czyborra. - http://www.global-translation-services.com/iso8859.html
What ASN.1 can offer to XML - XML Encoding Rules for Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) and the ASN.1 Markup Language [ITU-T Rec. X.693 | ISO/IEC 8825-4]. - http://asn1.elibel.tm.fr/xml/
Expressing Simple Dublin Core in RDF/XML - Explains how to encode the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set V1.1 (DCMES) in XML, provides a DTD to validate the documents and describes a method to link them from web pages. - http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmes-xml/
W3Schools.com: XML Encoding - XML documents can contain foreign characters like Norwegian æøå, or French êèé. To let your XML parser understand these characters, you should save your XML documents as Unicode. - http://www.w3schools.com/xml/xml_encoding.asp
XER - XML Encoding Rules - Idea to standardize rules that would allow for information described in ASN.1 (Abstract Syntax Notation) to be carried in XML. - http://asf.gils.net/xer/
The Unicode Consortium - The official Unicode web site provides extensive information and resources for programmers, implementers and others involved in computer globalization work. - http://www.unicode.org/