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 Laurence Humphreys, Blessed   - Short account of the life of this young layman who was martyred in 1591 for words allegedly uttered when he was seriously ill. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07545a.htm    Lyons, Second Council of - One of the most largely attended of conciliar assemblies, there being present five hundred bishops, sixty abbots, more than a thousand prelates or procurators. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09476c.htm Lyons, First Council of - Innocent IV, threatened by Emperor Frederick II, arrived at Lyons 2 December, 1244, and early in 1245 summoned the bishops and princes to the council. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09476b.htm Lyons, Archdiocese of - Comprises the Department of the Rhône (except the Canton of Villeurbanne, which belongs to the Diocese of Grenoble) and of the Loire. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09472a.htm Lyndwood, William - Bishop of St. David's, b. about 1375; d. in 1446. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09471b.htm Lydgate, John - Writer, born at Lydgate, Suffolk, about 1370; d. probably about 1450. He entered the Benedictine abbey at Bury when fifteen and may have been educated earlier at the school of the Benedictine monks there and have been afterwards at the Benedictine house o - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09468c.htm Lydda - A titular see of Palestina Prima in the Patriarchate of Jerusalem. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09468b.htm Luxemburg - The small remnant of the old duchy of this name and since 11 May, 1867, an independent neutral grand duchy, comprising 998 sq. miles of territory, lying principally between 49° 27' and 50° 12' N. lat., and 5° 45' and 6° 32' E. long. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09465a.htm Lussy, Melchior - Statesman, b. at Stans, Canton of Unterwalden, Switzerland, 1529; d. there 14 Nov., 1606. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09437c.htm Lusignan, Jean-Baptiste-Alphonse - French-Canadian writer, b. at St-Denis on the Richelieu, P.Q., 27 September, 1843; d. 5 January, 1893, son of Jean-Baptiste Lusignan, a merchant, and Onésime Masse. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09437b.htm Luscinius, Ottmar - An Alsatian Humanist, b. at Strasburg, 1487; d. at Freiburg, 1537. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09437a.htm Lupus, Christian - Historian, b. at Ypres (Flanders), 23 July, 1612; d. at Louvain, 10 July, 1681. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09436c.htm Lupus - Abbot of Ferrieres, French Benedictine writer, b. in the Diocese of Sens, about 805; d. about 862. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09436b.htm Luni-Sarzana-Brugnato - Diocese in the province of Genoa. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09436a.htm Luminare - The name applied to the shafts in the roof of the passages and chambers of the Catacombs occasionally pierced for the admission of light and air. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09430b.htm Lumen Christi - The versicle chanted by the deacon on Holy Saturday as he lights the triple candle. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09430a.htm Lully, Jean-Baptiste - Article profiles the composer's secular and religious contributions. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09429a.htm Lugos - Diocese in Hungary, suffragan of Fogaras and Alba Julia of the Uniat-Rumanian Rite, was erected in November, 1853. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09419a.htm Lugo, John de - Spanish Jesuit and Cardinal, one of the most eminent theologians of modern times, b. at Madrid, November, 1583, though he used to call himself "Hispalensis", because his family seat was at Seville; d. at Rome, 20 August, 1660. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09418b.htm Lugo, Francisco de - Jesuit theologian, b. at Madrid, 1580; d, at Valladolid, 17 September, 1652. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09418a.htm Lugo - Diocese in Galicia, Spain, a suffragan of Santiago, said to have been founded (by Agapitus) in Apostolic times. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09417b.htm Lueger, Karl - A burgomaster of Vienna, Austrian political leader and municipal reformer, born at Vienna, 24 October, 1844; died there, 10 March, 1910. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09417a.htm Ludovicus a S. Carolo - Carmelite writer, b. at Châlons-sur-Marne (according to some at Chalon-sur-Saône), 20 Aug., 1608; d. at Paris 10 March, 1670. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09416c.htm Ludger, Saint - Also known as St. Lüdiger, or Liudger. Biography of this missionary, the first bishop of Munster, who died in 809. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09415a.htm Lucius III, Pope - Died 1185. Innocent II created him Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prassede on 23 February, 1141, and afterwards sent him as legate to France. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09412b.htm Lucius II, Pope - Born at Bologna, unknown date, died at Rome, 15 February, 1145. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09412a.htm Lucius I, Pope Saint - Biographical article on this pope, exiled for a time, who reigned less than one year, and died in 254. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09411a.htm Lucina, Crypt of - The traditional title of the most ancient section of the catacomb of St. Callistus. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09410c.htm Lucifer of Cagliari - A bishop, who must have been born in the early years of the fourth century; died in 371. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09410b.htm Lucic, John - Croatian historian, b. early in the seventeenth century, at Trojir, or Tragurion, in Dalmatia; d. at Rome, 11 January, 1679. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09409b.htm Lucian of Antioch - Biographical article on the presbyter famed for his sanctity and scholarship, who died a martyr in 312. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09409a.htm Lucerne - Chief town of the Canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09406b.htm Lucera - An ancient city in the province of Foggia in Apulia, Southern Italy. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09406a.htm Lucca - The capital of the like named province in Tuscany, Central Italy - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09405a.htm Lucas, Frederick - A member of Parliament and journalist, b. in Westminster, 30 March, 1812, d. at Staines, Middlesex, 22 Oct., 1855. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09404b.htm Luca, Giovanni Battista de - A Cardinal and Italian canonist of the seventeenth century, b. at Venusia, Southern Italy, in 1614; d. at Rome, on 5 February, 1683. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09404a.htm Lublin - The city of Lublin is in Russian Poland, capital of the Government of Lublin, lies on the Bistrzyca, a tributary of the Vistula, and in 1897 had a population of 50,152, of whom 30,914 were Catholics. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09403a.htm Loyola University (New Orleans) - Loyola University, New Orleans, Louisiana, was (in 1912) the only Catholic university in what is popularly designated "The Old South". - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15203d.htm Loyola University, Chicago - The outgrowth of St. Ignatius College, founded by the Jesuits in 1869 for the higher education of the Catholic youth of Chicago, and empowered by the Legislature of Illinois (30 June, 1870) to confer the usual degrees in the various faculties of a univers - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15203c.htm Lourdes, Brothers of Our Lady of - A community devoted to the education of youth and the care of the sick and infirm. It was founded at Renaix, Flanders, in 1830, by Etienne Modeste Glorieux, a Belgian priest, and approved in 1892 by Leo XIII. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09389a.htm Louisiana - Includes history, religious information, and statistics. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09378a.htm Louise, Sister - Educator and organizer, b. at Bergen-op-Zoom, Holland, 14 Nov., 1813; d. at Cincinnati, Ohio, 3 Dec., 1886. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09377a.htm Louis Allemand, Blessed - Brief article on this 15th-century Cardinal Archbishop of Arles, who was a supporter of antipope Felix V. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09376a.htm Loucheux - The would-be Kuchin of some ethnologists, and the Tukudh of the Protestant missionaries; Richardson called them Quarrellers. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09367b.htm Lotto, Lorenzo - Italian portrait painter, d. 1556. Artist's biography with bibliography. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09367a.htm Lotti, Antonio - Biography of the Venetian composer noting his accomplishments as organist, teacher, and creator of operas and religious works. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09366c.htm Lorraine - By the Treaty of Verdun in 843, the empire of Charlemagne was divided in three parts: Ludwig the German received Eastern Franconia; Charles the Bald, Western Franconia; and Lothair I, the strip of land lying between the two and reaching from the North Sea - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09362a.htm Lorrain, Claude de - French painter and etcher, b. in 1600 at Chamagnc on the banks of the Moselle in Lorraine; d. in Rome, 21 Nov., 1681 (or 23 Nov., 1682). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09361a.htm Lorette - An Indian village occupied by the principal remnant of the ancient Huron tribe on the east bank of Saint Charles River. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09360a.htm Lorenzetti, Pietro and Ambrogio - Sienese painters. The time of their birth and death is not known. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09357c.htm Lorenzana, Francisco Antonio de - Cardinal, b. 22 Sept., 1722 at Leon in Spain; d. 17 April, 1804, at Rome. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09357b.htm Lopez-Caro, Francisco - Spanish artist, b. at Seville in 1598; d. at Madrid in 1662; he was a pupil of Juan de Las Roelas, the painter of the great altar-piece in the church of St. Isidore in Seville, of the "Martyrdom of St. Andrew" in the museum at Seville, and of th - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09355a.htm London (Ontario) - Diocese in Canada, established 21 February, 1855; see transferred to Sandwich, 2 February, 1859, transferred back to London, 3 October, 1869. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09353a.htm London - The capital of England and chief city of the British Empire, is situated about fifty miles from the mouth of the Thames. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09341a.htm Lombardy - A word derived from Longobardia and used during the Middle Ages to designate the country ruled over by the Longobards, which varied in extent with the varying fortunes of that race in Italy. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09336b.htm Loman, Saint - Brief article accepts the tradition that Loman, bishop of Trim, was a nephew of St. Patrick. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09335a.htm Lohel, Johann - Archbishop of Prague, b. at Eger, Bohemia, 1549; d. 2 Nov., 1622. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09331a.htm Logia, Jesu - Found partly in the Inspired Books of the New Testament, partly in uninspired writings. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09323a.htm Loci Theologici - Loci theologici or loci communes, are the common topics of discussion in theology. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09320a.htm Lochner, Stephen - A painter, born at Meersburg, on the Lake of Constance, date of birth unknown; died at Cologne, 1452. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09319c.htm Lobbes, Benedictine Abbey of - Located in Hainault, Belgium, founded about 650, by St. Landelin, a converted brigand, so that the place where his crimes had been committed might benefit by his conversion. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09318a.htm Loango - Formerly included in the great Kingdom of Congo, Loango became independent towards the end of the sixteenth century, at which time it extended from the mouth of the Kwilou to that of the River Congo. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09317a.htm Loaisa, Garcia de - Cardinal and Archbishop of Seville, b. in Talavera, Spain, c. 1479; d. at Madrid, 21 April, 1546. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09316c.htm Llandaff - The origins of this see are to be found in the sixth century monastic movement initiated by St. Dubricius, who presided over the monastery of Mochros. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09315c.htm Llancarvan - Llancarvan, Glamorganshire, Wales, was a college and monastery founded apparently about the middle of the fifth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09315b.htm Livias - A titular see in Palestina Prima, suffragan of Cæsarea. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09315a.htm Liverpool - One of the thirteen dioceses into which Pius IX divided Catholic England, 29 September, 1850, when he re-established the Catholic hierarchy. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09314a.htm Liutprand of Cremona - Bishop and historian, b. at the beginning of the tenth century; d. after 970. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09313a.htm Liturgy - A Greek composite word meaning originally a public duty, a service to the state undertaken by a citizen. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09306a.htm Liturgical Chant - A chant, if its style, composition, and execution prove it suitable for liturgical use, may properly be called liturgical chant. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09304a.htm Liturgical Books - All the books, published by the authority of any church, that contain the text and directions for her official (liturgical) services. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09296a.htm Little Rock - The State of Arkansas and the Indian Territory, parts of the Louisiana Purchase, were formed, 1843, into the Diocese of Little Rock. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09295a.htm Litta - A noble Milanese family which gave two distinguished cardinals to the Church. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09293a.htm Lithuania - An ancient grandy-duchy united with Poland in the fourteenth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09292a.htm Litany of the Saints - The model of all other litanies, of great antiquity. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09291a.htm Lister - Jesuit writer, b. in Lancashire, about 1559; d. in England, probably before 1628; was the son of Christopher Lister, of Midhope, Yorks. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09285a.htm Lismore, School of - Founded in the year 635 by St. Carthach the Younger. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09284a.htm Lismore - The Diocese of Lismore extends over a territory of 21,000 squire miles in the nort-east of New South Wales (Australia). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09283a.htm Lipsius, Justus - Biographical article on the humanist by Paul Lejay. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09280b.htm Lipsanotheca - A term sometimes used synonymously with reliquary, but signifying, more correctly, the little box containing the relics, which is placed inside the reliquary. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09280a.htm Lippomano, Luigi - A cardinal, hagiographer, b. in 1500; d. 15 August, 1559. Of a noble Venetian family, he devoted himself from his youth to the study of the classical languages and later to the pursuit of the sacred sciences. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09279a.htm Lippi, Filippino - Italian painter, d. 1515. Artist's biography with bibliography. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09277a.htm Linoe - A titular see of Bithynia Secunda, known only from the "Notitiae Episcopatuum" which mention it as late as the twelfth and thirteenth centuries as a suffragan of Nicaea. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09272a.htm Lindemann, Wilhelm - A Catholic historian of German literature, b. at Schonnebeck near Essen, 17 December, 1828; d. at Niederkruechten near Erkelenz (Rhine Province) 20 December, 1879. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09268b.htm Linde, Justin Timotheus Balthasar, Freiherr von - Hessian jurist and stateman, b. in the village of Brilon, Westphalia, 7 Aug., 1797; d. at Bonn during the night of 8-9 June, 1870. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09268a.htm Lindanus, William Damasus - Bishop of Ruremonde and of Ghent, b. at Dordrecht, in 1525; d. at Ghent, 2 November, 1588; he was the son of Damasus van der Lint. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09267a.htm Lincoln - This see was founded by St. Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury, in 678, when he removed the Lindiswaras of Lincolnshire from the Diocese of Lindisfarne. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09266b.htm Linares - In 1777, at the request of Charles III of Spain, Pius VII erected the episcopal See of Linares as suffragan of the Archdiocese of Mexico. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09265c.htm Limyra - A titular see of Lycia, and was a small city on the southern coast of Lycia, on the Limyrus, and twenty stadia from the mouth of this river. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09265a.htm Limoges - Diocese comprising the Departments of Haute Vienne and Creuse in France. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09263a.htm Limbourg, Pol de - A French miniaturist. With his two brothers, he flourished at Paris at the end of the fourteenth and the beginning of the fifteenth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09259a.htm Lillooet Indians - An important tribe of Salishan linguistic stock, in southern British Columbia. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09253a.htm Lille - The ancient capital of Flanders, now the chief town of the Département du Nord in France. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09251a.htm Lights - Article concerned with the general aspects and in particular with the charge so often levelled against Catholicism of adopting wholesale the ceremonial practices of the pagan world. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09244b.htm Liesborn - A former noted Benedictine Abbey in Westphalia, Germany, founded in 815; suppressed in 1803. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09237a.htm Liebermann, Bruno Franz Leopold - Catholic theologian, b., at Molsheim in Alsace 12 Oct., 1759; 4. at Strasburg, 11 Nov., 1844. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09235b.htm Lieber, Moriz - Politician and publicist, b. at the castle of Blankenheim in the Eifel, 1 Oct., 1790, d. at Kamberg, in Hesse-Nassau, 29 Dec., 1860. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09235a.htm Lieber, Ernst Maria - Born at Camberg in the Duchy of Nassau, 16 Nov., 1838; died 31 March, 1902. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09233b.htm Lichfield - This diocese took its rise in the conversion of Mercia by St. Cedd and his three companions in 652 and subsequent years. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09232a.htm Liber Diurnus Romanorum Pontificum - A miscellaneous collection of ecclesiastical formularies used in the papal chancery until the eleventh century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09215c.htm Liberatore, Matteo - A philosopher, theologian, and writer, born at Salerno, Italy, 14 August, 1810; died at Rome, 18 October, 1892. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09215a.htm Liberalism - A free way of thinking and acting in private and public life. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09212a.htm Libellatici, Libelli - The libelli were certificates issued to Christians of the third century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09211a.htm Libel - A malicious publication by writing, printing, picture, effigy, sign, or otherwise than by mere speech, which exposes any living person, or the memory of any person deceased, to hatred, contempt, ridicule, or obloquy, or which causes or tends to cause any - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09210a.htm Lex - While official or private collections of Roman Law made under the Empire are called codices, e. g. "Codex Theodosianus", probably because they were written on parchment sheets bound together in book form, the title lex was given to collections o - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09207b.htm Le Verrier, Urbain-Jean-Joseph - An astronomer and director of the observatory at Paris, born at Saint Lô, the ancient Briodurum later called Saint-Laudifanum, in north-western France, 11 May, 1811; died at Paris, 25 September, 1877. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09205b.htm Levau, Louis - A contemporary of Jacques Lemercier and the two Mansarts, and the chief architect of the first decade of Louis XIV's independent reign, born 1612; died at Paris, 10 Oct., 1670. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09205a.htm Levadoux, Michael - One of the first band of Sulpicians who, owing to the distressed state of religion in France, went to the United States and founded St. Mary's Seminary in Baltimore; born at Clermont-Ferrand, in Auvergne, France, 1 April, 1746; died at Le-Puy-en-Velay, 13 - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09204c.htm Leubus - A celebrated ancient Cistercian abbey, situated on the Oder, northwest of Breslau, in the Prussian Province of Silesia. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09204a.htm Letters, Ecclesiastical - Publications or announcements of the organs of ecclesiastical authority, e.g. the synods, more particularly, however, of popes and bishops, addressed to the faithful in the form of letters. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09202a.htm Letourneux, Nicolas - A well-known French preacher and ascetical writer of Jansenistic tendencies, born at Rouen, 30 April, 1640; died at Paris, 28 November, 1686. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09201a.htm Le Tellier, Michel - Born 16 October, 1643, of a peasant family, not at Vire as has so often been said, but at Vast near Cherbourg; died at La Flèche, 2 September, 1719. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09200d.htm Lestrange, Louis-Henri de - Born in 1754, in the Château de Colombier-le-Vieux, Ardèche, France; died at Lyons, 16 July, 1827. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09199a.htm Lessons in the Liturgy - The reading of lessons from the Bible, Acts of Martyrs, or approved Fathers of the Church, forms an important element of Christian services in all rites since the beginning. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09193a.htm Lessius, Leonard - A Flemish Jesuit and a theologian of high reputation, born at Brecht, in the province of Antwerp, 1 October, 1554; died at Louvain, 15 January, 1623. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09192a.htm Leslie, John - Bishop of Ross, Scotland, born 29 September, 1527, died at Guirtenburg, near Brussels 30 May, 1596. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09191b.htm Lesina - Diocese in Dalmatia; includes the three islands of Hvar (Lesina), the ancient Pharia colonized by the Greeks in 385 B.C.; Brac, formerly Brattia or Brachia, also colonized by the Greeks; and Lissa, formerly Issa. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09191a.htm Lescot, Pierre - One of the greatest architects of France in the pure Renaissance style, b. at Paris about 1510; d. there, 1571. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09190c.htm Lescarbot, Marc - French lawyer, writer, and historian, b. at Vervins, between 1565 and 1570; d. about 1629. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09190b.htm Lesbi - A titular see in Mauretania Sitifensis, suffragan of Sitifis, or Sétif, in Algeria. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09190a.htm Leros - Titular see of the Cyclades, suffragan of Rhodes. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09189a.htm Le Quien, Michel - French historian and theologian, b. at Boulogne-sur-Mer, department of Pas-de-Calais, 8 Oct., 1661; d. at Paris, 12 March, 1733. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09187a.htm Leprosy - A chronic infectious disease caused by the bacillus lepr, characterized by the formation of growths in the skin, mucous membranes, peripheral nerves, bones, and internal viscera, producing various deformities and mutilations of the human body, and usual - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09182a.htm Leo XII, Pope - Born at the Castello della Genga in the territory of Spoleto, 22 August, 1760; died in Rome, 10 February, 1829. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09167a.htm Leo IX, Pope Saint - Hagiographical article on this reformer pope, who died in 1054. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09160c.htm Leo VIII, Pope - Date of birth unknown; d. between 20 February and 13 April, 965. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09160b.htm Leo VII, Pope - Date of birth unknown; d. 13 July, 939. A Roman and priest of St. Sixtus, and probably a Benedictine monk, he was elected pope 3 January, 936. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09160a.htm Leo VI, Pope - The exact dates of the election and death of Leo VI are uncertain, but it is clear that he was pope during the latter half of 928. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09159c.htm Leo V, Pope - Very little is known of him. No certainty either as to when he was elected or as to exactly how long he reigned. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09159b.htm Leo IV, Pope Saint - Biographical article on this Roman, who died in 855. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09159a.htm Lentulus, Publius - A fictitious person, said to have been Governor of Judea before Pontius. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09154a.htm Le Nourry, Denis-Nicolas - Ecclesiastical writer, b. at Dieppe in Normandy, 18 Feb., 1647; d. at the Abbey of St-Germain in Paris, 24 March, 1724. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09151b.htm Le Moyne, Simon - A Jesuit missionary, b. at Beauvais, 1604; d. in 1665 at Cap de la Madeleine, near Three Rivers. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09149a.htm Le Moyne - The name of one of the most illustrious families of the New World, whose deeds adorn the pages of Canadian history. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09148b.htm Lemos, Thomas de - Spanish theologian and controversialist, b. at Rivadavia, Spain, 1555, d. at Rome 23 Aug., 1629. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09148a.htm Latin Literature in Christianity (Before the Sixth Century) - The Latin language was not at first the literary and official organ of the Christian Church in the West. The Gospel was announced by preachers whose language was Greek, and these continued to use Greek, if not in their discourses, at least in their most i - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09023a.htm Leo I (the Great), Pope Saint - Article on his pontificate, in Christian antiquity second only to that of Gregory the Great in importance. Leo died in 461. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09154b.htm Ludmilla, Saint - Bohemian duchess, grandmother of St. Wenceslaus. Strangled to death by assassins hired by her pagan daughter-in-law in 921. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09416a.htm Lemercier, Jacques - Born at Pontoise, about 1585; died at Paris, 1654. Lemercier shares with Mansart and Le Muet the glory of representing French architecture most brilliantly under Louis XIII and Richelieu. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09147a.htm Lucy, Saint - Virgin and martyr, d. 303 in the Diocletian persecution. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09414a.htm Louis IX, Saint - Biographical article on St. Louis, King of France, d. 1270. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09368a.htm Lorenzo da Brindisi, Saint - An Italian Capuchin with a talent for languages, much in demand as a preacher, was chaplain of the Imperial army. Doctor of the Church. He died in 1619. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09359a.htm Linus, Pope Saint - Reigned about A.D. 64 or 67 to 76 or 79. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09272b.htm Lidwina, Saint - Biography of this Dutch woman who died in 1433. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09233a.htm Lérins, Abbey of - Situated on an island of the same name, now known as that of Saint-Honorat, about a league from the coast of Provence, in the Department of the Maritime Alps, now included in the Diocese of Nice, formerly in that of Grasse or of Antibes. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09188b.htm Lemcke, Henry - Missionary in the United States, b. at Rhena, Mecklenburg, 27 July, 1796; d. at Carrolltown, Pennsylvania, 29 November, 1882. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09146a.htm Lemberg - Seat of a Latin, a Uniat Ruthenian, and a Uniat Armenian archbishopric. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09144a.htm Le Loutre, Louis-Joseph - A missionary to the Micmac Indians and Vicar-General of Acadia under the Bishop of Quebec, b. in France about 1690: d. there about 1770. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09143a.htm Lelong, Jacques - A French bibliographer, b. at Paris, 19 April, 1665 d. there, 13 Aug., 1721. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09142b.htm Lejeune, Jean - Born at Poligny in 1592; died at Limoges, 19 Aug., 1672; member of the Oratory of Jesus, founded by de Berulle in 1611. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09142a.htm Leitmeritz - In Austria, embraces the northern part of the Kingdom of Bohemia. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09141a.htm Leipzig - Chief town in the Kingdom of Saxony, situated at the junction of the Pleisse, Parthe, and Weisse Elster. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09138b.htm Latin Literature in the Church, Classical - This article deals only with the relations of the classical literature, chiefly Latin, to the Catholic Church. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09032a.htm Lippe - One of the Confederate States of the German Empire. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09276a.htm Lycopolis - A titular see in Thebais Prima, suffragan of Antinoë. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09468a.htm Luxeuil Abbey - Situated in the Department of Haute-Saône in Franche-Comté, in the Diocese of Besançon. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09467a.htm Leontius, Saint - Bishop of Fréjus, d. 488. On good terms with Honoratus, who founded the famous monastery of Lérins, and with John Cassian and Pope St. Leo I. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09179b.htm Lulé Indians - A name which has given rise to considerable confusion and dispute in Argentine ethnology, owing to the fact, now established, that it was applied at different times to two very different peoples, neither of which now exists under that name, while the voca - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09428a.htm Lübeck - A free imperial state and one of the Hanse towns, is in area the second smallest and in population the twentieth state in the German Empire. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09401a.htm Lope de Vega Carpio, Félix de - Poet and dramatist, b. at Madrid, 1562; d. 23 Aug., 1635. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09354b.htm Lacordaire, Jean-Baptiste-Henri-Dominique - Dominican orator. (1802-1861) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08733a.htm Littré, Paul-Maximilien-Emile - A French lexicographer and philosopher; born at Paris, 1 February, 1801; died there, 2 June, 1881. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09295b.htm Ligugé - A Benedictine Abbey, in the Diocese of Poitiers, France, was founded about the year A.D. 360, by St. Martin of Tours. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09247a.htm Liège - The first capital of this diocese was Tongres, northeast of Liège; its territory originally belonged to the Diocese of Trier, then to Cologne; but after the first half of the fourth century Tongres received autonomous organization. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09236a.htm Le Camus, Emile-Paul-Constant-Ange - Preacher, theologian, scripturist, Bishop of La Rochelle and Saintes, b. at Paraza, France, 24 August, 1839; d. at Malvisade, near Castelnaudary, France, 28 September, 1906. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09107a.htm Le Sage, Alain-René - Writer, b. at Sarzeau (Morbihan), 1668; d. at Boulogne-sur-Mer, 1747. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09189b.htm Louise de Marillac Le Gras, Saint - Founder of the Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul, d. 1660. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09133b.htm Lying - As defined by St. Thomas Aquinas, a statement at variance with the mind. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09469a.htm Lenormant, François - Archaeologist; son of Charles Lenormant, b. at Paris, 17 January, 1837; d. there, 9 December, 1883. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09151a.htm Loryma - A titular see of Caria, small fortified town and harbour on the coast of Caria. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09365a.htm Louisville, Diocese of - Comprises that part of Kentucky west of the Kentucky River and western borders of Carroll, Owen, Franklin, Woodford, Jessamine, Garrard, Rockcastle, Laurel, and Whitley Counties. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09386a.htm Lysias - A titular see of Phrygia Salutaris, mentioned by Strabo, XII, 576, Pliny, V, 29, Ptolemy, V, 2, 23, Hierocles, and the "Notitiae episcopatuum", probably founded by Antiochus the Great about 200 B.C. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09478b.htm Longstreet, James - Soldier and Catholic convert. Born 8 January, 1821, at Edgefield, South Carolina, U.S.A.; died at Gainesville, Georgia, 2 January, 1904. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09354a.htm Leonidas, Saint - The Roman Martyrology mentions at least six martyrs named Leonidas or Leonides, the most famous being St. Leonidas of Alexandria, the father of Origen. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09179a.htm L'Hospital, Michael de - Born at Aigueperse, about 1504; d. at Courdimanche, 13 March, 1573. While very young he went to Italy to join his father, who had been a follower of the traitor, the Constable of Bourbon, in the camp of Charles V. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09209b.htm Leclerc du Tremblay, François - A Capuchin, better known as Pere Joseph, b. in Paris, 4 Nov., 1577; d. at Rueil, 18 Dec., 1638. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09108a.htm Louis of Casoria, Venerable - Friar Minor and founder of the Frati Bigi. (1814-1885) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09385a.htm Le Tellier, Charles-Maurice - Archbishop of Reims, b. at Turin, 1642; d. at Reims, 1710. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09200c.htm Lauds - Article on the canonical hour once known as Matins, then as Lauds, now as Morning Prayer. One of the two principal hours. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09038a.htm Law, Roman - This subject is briefly treated under the two heads of; I. Principles; II. History. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09079a.htm Lottery - A lottery is one of the aleatory contracts and is commonly defined as a distribution of prizes by lot or by chance. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09366b.htm Law, International - Defined to be "the rules which determine the conduct of the general body of civilized states in their dealings with each other" (American and English Encycl. of Law). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09073a.htm Limburg - Diocese in the Kingdom of Prussia, suffragan of Freiburg. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09260a.htm Lyons, Councils of (Introduction) - This article deals only with the two general councils of 1245 and 1275. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09476a.htm Lucifer - The name Lucifer originally denotes the planet Venus, emphasizing its brilliance. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09410a.htm Loccum - A Cistercian abbey in the Diocese of Minden, formerly in Brunswick but now included in Hanover, was founded by Count Wilbrand von Hallermund in 1163. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09319a.htm Lochleven - A lake in Kinross-shire, Scotland, an island of which, known as St. Serf's Island (eighty acres in extent), was the seat of a religious community for seven hundred years. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09319b.htm Loaves of Proposition - Heb. "bread of the faces", i.e. "bread of the presence (of Yahweh)" (Ex., xxxv, 13; xxxix, 35, etc.), also called "holy bread". - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09317b.htm Logic - A historical survey from Indian and Pre-Aristotelian philosophy to the Logic of John Stuart Mill. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09324a.htm Law, Divine (Moral Aspect of) - That which is enacted by God and made known to man through revelation. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09071a.htm Lockhart, William - Son of the Rev. Alexander Lockhart of Waringham, Surry; b. 22 Aug., 1820; d. at St. Etheldreda's Priory, Eby Place, Holborn, London, 15 May, 1892. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09321b.htm Law, Civil (Influence of the Church on) - Christianity is essentially an ethical religion; and, although its moral principles were meant directly for the elevation of the individual, still they could not fail to exercise a powerful influence on such a public institution as law, the crystallized r - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09066a.htm Logos, The - The word Logos is the term by which Christian theology in the Greek language designates the Word of God, or Second Person of the Blessed Trinity. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09328a.htm Leonard of Port Maurice, Saint - Franciscan preacher and ascetic writer, d. 1751. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09178c.htm Limerick - Diocese in Ireland; includes the greater part of the County of Limerick and a small portion of Clare. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09262a.htm Llanthony Priory - A monastery of Augustinian Canons, situated amongst the Black Mountains of South Wales, nine miles north-east of Abergavenny. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09316a.htm Locke, Matthew - Article on the English composer includes his musical development, conversion, conflicts, and noted works. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09321a.htm Lilienfeld - A Cistercian Abbey south of St. Polten, Lower Austria, founded in 1202 by Leopold the Glorious, Margrave of Austria, the first monks being supplied from the monastery of Heiligen Kreus near Vienna. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09247b.htm Limbo - A word of Teutonic derivation, meaning literally "hem" or "border," as of a garment, or anything joined on. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09256a.htm Lourdes, Notre-Dame de - The pilgrimage of Lourdes is founded on the apparitions of the Blessed Virgin to a poor, fourteen-year-old girl, Bernadette Soubiroux. The first apparition occurred 11 February, 1858. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09389b.htm Lippi, Filippo - Biography of the Italian painter (1406-1469). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09278a.htm Libraries - Collections of books accumulated and made accessible for public or private use. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09227b.htm Legate - In its broad signification, means that person who is sent by another for some representative office. In the ecclesiastical sense it means one whom the pope sends to sovereigns or governments or only to the members of the episcopate and faithful of a count - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09118a.htm Low Church - The name given to one of the three parties or doctrinal tendencies that prevail in the Established Church of England and its daughter Churches, the correlatives being High Church and Broad Church. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09399a.htm Litany of Loreto - Long article examines the somewhat murky history of the Litany of Loreto. Also information on Marian litanies in general. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09287a.htm Lilius, Aloisius - Principal author of the Gregorian Calendar, was a native of Cirò or Zirò in Calabria. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09247c.htm Le Hir, Arthur-Marie - Biblical scholar and Orientalist; b. at Morlaix (Finisterre), in the Diocese of Quimper, France, 5 Dec., 1811; d. at Paris, 13 Jan., 1868. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09133c.htm Law, Common - The term is of English origin and is used to describe the juridical principles and general rules regulating the possession, use and inheritance of property and the conduct of individuals, the origin of which is not definitely known, which have been observ - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09068a.htm Leavenworth - Suffragan to St. Louis, established, 22 May, 1877. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09102b.htm La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, The Duke of - Opposed during the last years of the reign of Louis XV to the government of Maupeou, and the friend of all the reformers who surrounded Louis XVI, he owed to the influence of these economists the favour of the king. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09005a.htm Lohner, Tobias - Professor of philosophy and speculative theology. Born 13 March, 1619, at Neuötting in the Diocese of Salzburg; died 26 (probably) May, 1697. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09332a.htm Leonard of Limousin, Saint - According to eleventh-century legend, he was a sixth-century Frankish nobleman. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09178b.htm Land-Tenure in the Christian Era - The way in which land has been held or owned during the nineteen hundred years which have seen in Europe the rise and establishment of the Church is a matter for historical inquiry. Strictly speaking, the way in which such ownership or tenure was not only - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08775a.htm Liesborn, Master of - A Westphalian painter, who in 1465 executed an altar-piece of note in the Benedictine monastery of Liesborn, founded by Charlemagne. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09238a.htm Lefebvre, Camille - Apostle of the Acadians, b. at St. Philippe, P. Q., 1831; d. at St. Joseph, N. B., 1895. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09113a.htm Leontopolis - A titular archiepiscopal see of Augustamnica Secunda. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09181a.htm Liberatus of Carthage - Archdeacon author of an important history of the Nestorian and Monophysite troubles. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09215b.htm Laverdière, Charles-Honoré - French-Canadian historian, born Chateau-Richer, Province of Quebec, 1826; died at Quebec, 1873. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09050a.htm Lezana, Juan Bautista de - Theologian, born at Madrid, 23 Nov., 1586; died in Rome, 29 March, 1659. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09209a.htm León, Luis de - Spanish poet and theologian, b. at Belmonte, Aragon, in 1528; d. at Madrigal, 23 August, 1591. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09177b.htm Lavant - An Austrian bishopric in the southern part of Styria, suffragan of Salzburg. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09049a.htm Latera, Flaminius Annibali de - Historian, born at Latera, near Viterbo, 23 November, 1733; died at Viterbo, 27 February, 1813. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09013a.htm Lassberg, Baron Joseph Maria Christoph von - A distinguished German antiquary, born at Donaueschingen, 10 April, 1770; died 15 March, 1855. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09011b.htm Liessies - A Benedictine monastery near Avesnes, in the Diocese of Cambrai, France (Nord), founded about the middle of eighth century and dedicated to St. Lambert. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09238b.htm Ligamen - The existing marriage tie which constitutes in canon law a public impediment to the contracting of a second marriage. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09244a.htm Leuce - A titular see of Thrace, not mentioned by any ancient historian or geographer. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09204b.htm Life - The enigma of life is still one of the two or three most difficult problems that face both scientist and philosopher. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09238c.htm Lummi Indians - The principal one of more than twenty small Salishan tribes originally holding the lower shores, islands, and eastern hinterland of Puget Sound, Washington; by the Treaty of Point Elliott (1855), gathered upon five reservations within the same territory u - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09431a.htm Leodegar, Saint - Bishop of Autun, martyred in 678. Also known as St. Leger. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09174a.htm Libera Nos - The first words of the Embolism of the Lord's Prayer in the Roman Rite. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09214b.htm Laval University of Quebec - Founded in 1852 by the Seminary of Quebec; the royal charter granted to it by Queen Victoria was signed at Westminster, 8 December, 1852. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09047b.htm Levites - The subordinate ministers appointed in the Mosaic Law for the service of the Tabernacle and of the Temple. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09206a.htm Legacies - In its most restricted sense, by a pious legacy or bequest (legatum pium) is understood, the assigning, by a last will, of a particular thing forming part of an estate, to a church or an ecclesiastical institution. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09115a.htm Leontius Byzantinus - An important theologian of the sixth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09180a.htm La Valette, Jean Parisot de - Forty-eighth Grand Master of the Order of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem; b. in 1494; d. in Malta, 21 Aug., 1568. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09047a.htm Lithuanians in the United States - Includes information about immigration, religion, schools, and periodicals. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16054a.htm Liber Septimus - Three canonical collections of quite different value from a legal standpoint are known by this title. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09226a.htm Lascaris, Constantine - Greek scholar from Constantinople; born 1434; died at Messina in 1501. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09010b.htm Lay Tithes - Ecclesiastical tithes, which in the course of time became alienated from the Church to lay proprietors. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09095b.htm Leviticus - The third book of the Pentateuch, so called because it treats of the offices, ministries, rites, and ceremonies of the priests and Levites. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09207a.htm Leo XIII, Pope - Lengthy biographical article on the author of "Rerum novarum." - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09169a.htm Ludolph of Saxony - An ecclesiastical writer of the fourteenth century, date of birth unknown; d. 13 April, 1378. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09416b.htm Lesueur, Jean-François - Detailed biography emphasizing religious works of this composer, with links to related material. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16053a.htm Luna, Pedro de - Antipope under the name of Benedict XIII, b. at Illueca, Aragon, 1328; d. at the Peñiscola, near Valencia, Spain, either 29 Nov., 1422, or 23 May, 1423. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09431c.htm Leocadia, Saint - Virgin and martyr, d. probably in 304. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09173b.htm Lepanto - Italian name for Naupactos (Naupactus) a titular metropolitan see of ancient Epirus - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09181b.htm León - Suffragan of Michoacan in Mexico, erected in 1863. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09177a.htm Leipzig, University of - Next to Heidelberg, the oldest university in the German Empire. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09140a.htm Lefèvre d'Etaples, Jacques - A French philosopher, biblical and patristic scholar; b. at Etaples in Picardy, about 1455; d. at Nérac, 1536. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09114b.htm Leopoldine Society, The - Established at Vienna for the purpose of aiding the Catholic missions in North America. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16052a.htm Lauzon, Jean de - Fourth governor of Canada, b. at Paris, 1583; d. there, 16 Feb., 1666. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09043a.htm Lobera, Ann - Carmelite nun, companion of St. Teresa; b. At Medina del Campo (Old Castile), 25 November, 1545; d. at Brussels, 4 March, 1621. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09318b.htm Legists - Teachers of civil or Roman law, who, besides expounding sources, explaining terms, elucidating texts, summarizing the contents of chapters, etc., illustrated by cases, real or imaginary, the numerous questions and distinctions arising out of the "Cor - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09131d.htm Leclercq, Chrestien - A Franciscan Récollet and one of the most zealous missionaries to the Micmac of Canada, also a distinguished historiographer of Nouvelle France. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09109a.htm Lapuente, Venerable Luis de - Born at Valladolid, 11 November, 1554; died there, 16 February 1624. Having entered the Society of Jesus, he studied under the celebrated Suarez, and professed philosophy at Salamanca. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09003a.htm Leonard of Chios - Born at an uncertain date on the Island of Chios, then under Genoese domination; died in Chios or in Italy, 1842. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09178a.htm Lapland and Lapps - This singular race is divided into three different groups: mountain, forest, and fisher Lapps. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08797a.htm Legipont, Oliver - Benedictine bibliographer. (1698-1758) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09131c.htm Luini, Bernardino - Milanese painter, b. between 1470 and 1480; d. after 1530. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09419b.htm Leo III, Pope Saint - Biography of this pope, who died in 816. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09157b.htm Laymann, Paul - A famous Jesuit moralist, b. in 1574 at Arzl, near Innsbruck; d. of the plague on 13 November, 1635, at Constance. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09095a.htm Leo, Brother - Companion of St. Francis of Assisi. (d. 1271) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09173a.htm Lafitau, Joseph-Françs - Jesuit missionary and writer, born at Bordeaux, France, 1 January, 1681; died there, 1746. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08739a.htm League, German - Early in 1608 Duke Maximilian started negotiations with the spiritual electors and some of the Catholic states of the empire, with a view to the formation of a union of the Catholic states. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09100a.htm Legitimation - The canonical term for the act by which the irregularity contracted by being born out of lawful wedlock is removed. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09131e.htm League, The - From a religious point of view it aimed at supporting Catholicism in France politically at restoring the "ancient franchises and liberties" against the royal power. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09098b.htm Lactantius, Lucius Cæcilius Firmianus - Fourth-century Christian apologist. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08736a.htm Lace - The two earliest known specimens of lace-worked linen albs are that of St. Francis, preserved at St. Clare's convent, Assisi, and the alb of Pope Boniface VIII, now in the treasury of the Sistine Chapel. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08729b.htm La Bruyère, Jean de - Born at Paris in 1645; died at Chantilly in 1696. He was the son of a comptroller general of municipal revenue. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08728a.htm Law - By law in the widest sense is understood that exact guide, rule, or authoritative standard by which a being is moved to action or held back from it. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09053a.htm Lennig, Adam Franz - Theologian, b. 3 Dec., 1803, at Mainz; d. there, 22 Nov., 1866. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09150b.htm Leibniz, System of - A thorough overview of the life and views of Leibniz. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09134b.htm Langénieux, Benoit-Marie - Cardinal, Archbishop of Reims, b. at Villefranche-sur-Saône, Department of Rhône, 1824; d. at Reims, 1 Jan., 1905. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08788a.htm Lateran Council, Fifth - Convoked, by the Bull of 18 July, 1511, to assemble 19 April, 1512, in the church of St. John Lateran. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09018b.htm Lefèvre, Family of - A family engaged in tapestry weaving in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09113b.htm Lutheranism - The religious belief held by the oldest and in Europe the most numerous of the Protestant sects, founded by the Wittenberg reformer, Martin Luther. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09458a.htm Larissa - The seat of a titular archbishopric of Thessaly. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09004b.htm Leeds - Diocese embracing the West Riding of Yorkshire, and that part of the city of York to the south of the River Ouse. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09112a.htm Lectern - Support for a book, reading-desk, or bookstand, a solid and permanent structure upon which the Sacred Books, which were generally large and heavy, were placed when used by the ministers of the altar in liturgical functions. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09110a.htm Ledochowski, Miecislas Halka - Polish cardinal. (1822-1902) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09111b.htm Lector - A lector (reader) in the West is a clerk having the second of the four minor orders. In all Eastern Churches also, readers are ordained to a minor order preparatory to the diaconate. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09111a.htm Laodicea - A titular see, of Asia Minor, metropolis of Phrygia Pacatiana, said to have been originally called Diospolis and Rhoas; Antiochus II colonized it between 261 and 246 B.C., and gave it the name of his wife, Laodice. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08794a.htm Lefèvre de la Boderie, Guy - French Orientalist and poet; b. near Falaise in Normandy, 9 August, 1541; d. in 1598 in the house in which he was born. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09114a.htm Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent - Chemist, philosopher, economist. (1743-1794) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09052a.htm Legends of the Saints - The legenda are stories about the saints, and often include a mix of historical fact and unhistorical embellishments. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09128a.htm Lecoy de La Marche - French historian; b. at Nemours, 1839; d. at Paris, 1897. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09109b.htm Le Camus, Etienne - French cardinal, b. at Paris, 1632; d. at Grenoble, 1707. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09107b.htm Lateran, Christian Museum of - Established by Pius IX in 1854, in the Palazzo del Laterano erected by Sixtus V on the part of the site of the ancient Lateran palace destroyed by fire in 1308. In 1843 the "profane" Museum of the Lateran was founded by Gregory XVI, in whose pon - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09014a.htm Lay Brothers - Religious occupied solely with manual labour and with the secular affairs of a monastery or friary. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09093a.htm Le Fèvre, Jacques - A French theologian and controversialist, b. at Lisieux towards the middle of the seventeenth century; d. 1 July, 1716, at Paris. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09113c.htm Lebrun, Charles - French historical painter, born in Paris, 1619; died at the Gobelin tapestry works, 1690. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09106a.htm Labour Unions, Moral Aspects of - Since a labour union is a society, its moral aspects are determined by its constitution, its end, its results, and the means employed in pursuit of the end. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08724a.htm La Salle, René-Robert-Cavelier, Sieur de - Explorer, born at Rouen, 1643; died in Texas, 1687. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09009b.htm La Rochelle - The Diocese of La Rochelle (Rupellensis), suffragan of Bordeaux, comprises the entire Department of Charente-Inférieure. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09006a.htm Leo II, Pope Saint - Biographical article on this pontiff, who died in 683. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09157a.htm Lebedus - Titular see of Asia Minor, suffragan of Ephesus. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09105a.htm Le Gobien, Charles - French Jesuit and founder of the famous collection of "Lettres édifiantes et curieuses", one of the most important sources of information for the history of Catholic missions, b. at StMalo, Brittany, 25 November, 1671; d. at Paris, 5 March, 1 - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09132a.htm League of the Cross - A Catholic total abstinence confraternity founded in London in 1873 by Cardinal Manning to unite Catholics, both clergy and laity, in the warfare against intemperance, and thus improve religious, social, and domestic conditions, especially among the worki - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09101a.htm Lectionary - A term of somewhat vague significance, used with a good deal of latitude by liturgical writers. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09110b.htm Laval, François de Montmorency - First bishop of Canada, b. at Montigny-sur-Avre, 30 April, 1623, of Hughes de Laval and Michelle de Péricard; d. at Quebec on 6 May, 1708. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09045a.htm Lascaris, Janus - A noted Greek scholar, born about 1445; died at Rome in 1535. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09010c.htm Lateran, Saint John - This is the oldest, and ranks first among the four great "patriarchal" basilicas of Rome. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09014b.htm Legrand, Louis - French theologian and noted doctor of the Sorbonne, b. in Burgundy at Lusigny-sur-Ouche, 12 June, 1711, d. at Issy (Paris), 21 July, 1780. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09133a.htm Lehnin, Abbey of - Founded in 1180 by Otto II, Margrave of Brandenburg, for Cistercian monks. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09134a.htm Lallemant, Jacques-Philippe - French Jesuit, b. at St-Valéry-sur-Somme about 1660; d. at Paris 1748. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08752d.htm Lavabo - The first word of that portion of Psalm 25 said by the celebrant at Mass while he washes his hands after the Offertory, from which word the whole ceremony is named. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09044b.htm Le Caron, Joseph - One of the four pioneer missionaries of Canada and first missionary to the Hurons (q.v.), b. near Paris in 1586; d. in France, 29 March, 1632. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09107c.htm Lamoignon, Family of - Illustrious in the history of the old magistracy, originally from Nivernais. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08766a.htm Le Coz, Claude - French bishop, b. at Plouévez-Parzay (Finistère), 1740; d. at Villevieux (Jura), 1813. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09109c.htm Leo Diaconus - Byzantine historian; b. at Kaloe, at the foot of Mount Tmolos, in Ionia, about the year 950; the year of his death is unknown. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09174b.htm La Chaise, François d'Aix de - Confessor of King Louis XIV, born at the mansion of Aix, in Forez, Department of Loire, 25 August, 1624; died at Paris, 20 January, 1709. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08732b.htm Lebwin, Saint - Also called Lebuinus or Liafwin. English-born missionary to the Frisians, died at Deventer around 770. Biography. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09106b.htm Lay Confession - This article does not deal with confession by laymen but with that made to laymen, for the purpose of obtaining the remission of sins by God. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09094a.htm Latini, Brunetto - Florentine philosopher and statesman, born at Florence, c. 1210; the son of Buonaccorso Latini, died 1294. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09034a.htm Lauzon, Pierre de - A noted missionary of New France in the eighteenth century, born at Poitiers, 26 September, 1687; died at Quebec, 5 September, 1742. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09044a.htm Lavérendrye, Pierre Gaultier de Varennes, Sieur de - Discoverer of the Canadian West, born at Three Rivers, Quebec, 17 November, 1685; died at Montreal, 6 December, 1749. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09050b.htm Lebanon - So called from the snow which covers the highest peaks during almost the entire year, or from the limestone which glistens white in the distance. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09104a.htm Lazarus - The name of two persons in the N.T.; a character in one of Christ's parables, and the brother of Martha and Mary of Bethania. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09096a.htm Lamb (in Early Christian Symbolism) - One of the few Christian symbols dating from the first century is that of the Good Shepherd carrying on His shoulders a lamb or a sheep, with two other sheep at his side. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08755b.htm Le Mercier, François - One of the early missionaries of New France, b. at Paris, 4 October, 1604; d. in the island of Martinique, 12 June, 1690. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09146b.htm Lay Abbot - A name used to designate a layman on whom a king or someone in authority bestowed an abbey as a reward for services rendered. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09092a.htm Lay Communion - Speaking generally, the expression "lay communion" does not necessarily imply the idea of the Eucharist, but only the condition of a layman in communion with the Church. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09093b.htm Law, Canon - Canon law is the body of laws and regulations made by or adopted by ecclesiastical authority, for the government of the Christian organization and its members. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09056a.htm Lataste, Marie - Born at Mimbaste near Dax, France, 21 February, 1822; died at Rennes, 10 May, 1847; was the youngest child of simple pious peasants. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09012a.htm Law, Natural - In English this term is frequently employed as equivalent to the laws of nature, meaning the order which governs the activities of the material universe. Among the Roman jurists natural law designated those instincts and emotions common to man and the low - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09076a.htm Le Blant, Edmond-Frederic - French archeologist and historian, born 12 August, 1818; died 5 July, 1897 at Paris. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09105b.htm Louis-Marie Grignion de Montfort, Saint - Missionary to Brittany, d. 1716. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09384a.htm Lord's Prayer - Although the Latin term oratio dominica is of early date, the phrase "Lord's Prayer" does not seem to have been generally familiar in England before the Reformation. During the Middle Ages the "Our Father" was always said in Latin, eve - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09356a.htm Latin Church - The Latin Church is simply that vast portion of the Catholic body which obeys the Latin patriarch, which submits to the pope, not only in papal, but also in patriarchal matters. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09022a.htm Lazarus of Jerusalem, Order of Saint - The military order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem originated in a leper hospital founded in the twelfth century by the crusaders of the Latin Kingdom. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09096b.htm Lauda Sion - The opening words (used as a title of the sequence composed by St. Thomas Aquinas, about the year 1264, for the Mass of Corpus Christi. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09036b.htm Lavigerie, Charles-Martial-Allemand - French cardinal, b. at Huire near Bayonne, 13 Oct., 1825; d. at Algiers, 27 Nov., 1892. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09050d.htm La Rochejacquelein, Henri-Auguste-Georges du Vergier, Comte de - French politician, b. at the château of Citran (Fironde), on 28 September, 1805; d. on 7 January, 1867. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09005b.htm Laverlochère, Jean-Nicolas - Missionary, born at St. Georges d'Espérance, Grenoble, France, 6 December, 1812; died at Temiscaming, Canada, 4 October, 1884. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09050c.htm Laura - The Greek word laura is employed by writers from the end of the fifth century to distinguish the monasteries of Palestine of the semi-eremitical type. The word signifies a narrow way or passage, and in later times the quarter of a town. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09039a.htm Latria - In classical Greek originally meant "the state of a hired servant" (Aesch., "Prom.", 966), and so service generally. It is used especially for Divine service (Plato, "Apol.", 23 B). In Christian literature it came to have a t - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09036a.htm Larue, Charles de - He took the habit of St. Benedict in the Abbey of St. Faro at Meaux, and made his religious profession on 21 Nov., 1703. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09007b.htm Lausanne and Geneva - Diocese in Switzerland, immediately subject to the Holy See. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09040a.htm Lares - Formerly a titular archiepiscopal see in pro-consular Africa. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09003c.htm Little Office of Our Lady - Historical article on the Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, modeled on the Divine Office. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09294a.htm La Salette - Located in the commune and parish of La Salette-Fallavaux, Canton of Corps, Department of Isere, and Diocese of Grenoble. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09008b.htm Lindisfarne, Ancient Diocese and Monastery of - The island of Lindisfarne lies some two miles off the Northumberland coast, nine and one-half miles southeast of the border-town of Berwick. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09269a.htm Laski, John - Archbishop of Gnesen and Primate of Poland, b. at Lask, 1456; d. at Gnesen, 19 May, 1531. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09011a.htm Larino - Diocese in the province of Capmobasso, Southern Italy. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09004a.htm Laurentie, Pierre-Sébastien - French publicist. (1793-1876) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09039b.htm Lampsacus - A titular see of Hellespont, suffragan of Cyzicus. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08770b.htm Lateran Councils - A series of five important councils held at Rome from the twelfth to the sixteen century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09016a.htm La Fayette, Marie Madeleine Pioche de la Vergne, Comtesse de - Author of memoirs and novels, born in Paris, 1634; died there, 1693. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08738b.htm Lancelotti, Giovanni Paolo - Canonist, b. at Perugia in 1522; d. there, 23 September, 1590. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08774a.htm Lanzi, Luigi - An Italian archeologist, b. at Mont Olmo, near Macerata, in 1732; d. at Florence in 1810. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08793c.htm Latreille, Pierre-André - A prominent French zoologist; born at Brives, 29 November, 1762; died in Paris, 6 February, 1833. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09035b.htm Lateran Council, Fourth - From the commencement of his reign Innocent III had purposed to assemble an ecumenical council, but only towards the end of his pontificate could he realize this project, by the Bull of 19 April, 1213. The assembly was to take place in November, 1215. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09018a.htm Lateran Council, Third - In September, 1178, the pope in agreement with an article of the Peace of Venice, convoked an ecumenical council at the Lateran for Lent of the following year and, with that object, sent legates to different countries. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09017b.htm Lateran Council, Second - To efface the last vestiges of the schism, to condemn various errors and reform abuses among clergy and people Innocent, in the month of April, 1139, convoked, at the Lateran, the tenth ecumenical council. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09017a.htm Lateran Council, First - It put a stop to the arbitrary conferring of ecclesiastical benefices by laymen, reestablished freedom of episcopal and abbatial elections, separated spiritual from temporal affairs, and ratified the principle that spiritual authority can emanate only fro - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09016b.htm La Richardie, Armand de - Born at Perigueux, 7 June, 1686; died at Quebec, 17 March, 1758. He entered the Society of Jesus at Bordeaux, 4 Oct., 1703, and in 1725 was sent to the Canada mission. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09003d.htm Lamps, Early Christian - Of the various classes of remains from Christian antiquity there is probably none so numerously represented as that of small clay lamps adorned with Christian symbols. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08770a.htm Loja, Diocese of - Suffragan of Quito, Ecuador, includes the greater part of the Provinces of Loja and El Oro. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09332b.htm Louis Bertrand, Saint - Spanish Dominican novicemaster and preacher, d. 1581. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09376b.htm Lassus, Orlandus de - Biography emphasizing his religious compositions. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09011c.htm Lapparent, Albert Auguste de - French geologist, b. at Bourges, 30 Dec., 1839; d. at Paris, 12 May, 1908. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08799a.htm Labour and Labour Legislation - Labour is work done by mind or body either partly or wholly for the purpose of producing utilities. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08719a.htm Langham, Simon - Cardinal, Archbishop of Canterbury and Chancellor of England, b. at Langham in Rutland; d. at Avignon, France, 22 July, 1376. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08788b.htm Lasaulx, Ernst von - Scholar and philosopher, born at Coblenz, 16 March, 1805; died at Munich, 9 May, 1861. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09010a.htm Langen, Rudolph von - Humanist and divine, b. at the village of Everswinkel, near Munster, Westphalia, 1438 or 1439; d. at Munster, 25 Dec., 1519. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08787b.htm Lutzk, Zhitomir, and Kamenetz, Diocese of - Diocese located in Little Russia. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09463b.htm Lanspergius - Carthusian monk and ascetical writer, b. at Landsberg in Bavaria 1489, d. at Cologne, 11 Aug., 1539. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08793a.htm Laplace, Pierre-Simon - Mathematician and astronomer. (1749-1827) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08796a.htm Laprade, Victor de - French poet and critic, b. at Montbrison in 1812; d. at Lyons in 1883. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09001a.htm Laranda - A titular see of Isauria, afterwards of Lycaonia. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09003b.htm Lamuel - Name of a king mentioned in Prov., xxxi, 1 and 4, but otherwise unknown. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08771a.htm Lapsi - The regular designation in the third century for Christians who relapsed into heathenism, especially for those who during the persecutions displayed weakness in the face of torture, and denied the Faith by sacrificing to the heathen gods or by any other a - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09001b.htm Lantern - In Italian or modern architecture, a small structure on the top of a dome, for the purpose of admitting light, for promoting ventilation, and for ornament. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08793b.htm Latin, Ecclesiastical - The Latin in the official textbooks of the Church (the Bible and the Liturgy), as well as in the works of those Christian writers of the West who have undertaken to expound or defend Christian beliefs. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09019a.htm Lawrence O'Toole, Saint - Confessor, abbot, and the first Irish-born bishop of Dublin, d. 1180. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09091b.htm Lamus - A titular see of Isauria, suffragan of Seleucia. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08771b.htm Lamont, Johann von - Astronomer and physicist, b. 13 Dec., 1805, at Braemar in Scotland, near Balmoral Castle; d.. 6 Aug., 1879, at Bogenhausen near Munich, Bavaria. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08766b.htm Lafuente y Zamalloa, Modesto - Spanish critic and historian, d. 1866. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08740c.htm Lamarck, Chevalier de - Distinguished botanist, zoologist, and natural philosopher, b. at Bazentin in Picardy (department of Somme), France, 1 August, 1744; d. at Paris, 18 December, 1829. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08753c.htm Langheim - A celebrated Cistercian abbey situated in Upper Franconia (Bavaria), not far from Mein, in the Diocese of Bamberg. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08788c.htm Lake Indians - A small tribe of Salishan stock, originally ranging along Columbia River in northeast Washington from about Kettle Falls to the British line. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08751a.htm Lance, The Holy - In the Gospel of St. John (xix, 34), that, after our Saviour's death, "one of the soldiers with a spear [lancea] opened his side and immediately there came out blood and water". - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08773a.htm Langres - Diocese comprising the Department of the Haute-Marne. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08789c.htm Lang, Matthew - Cardinal, Bishop of Gurk and Archbishop of Salzburg, b. at Augsburg in 1468; d. at Salzburg, 30 March, 1540. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08787a.htm Laibach - Austrian bishopric and suffragan of Görz, embraces the territory of the Austrian crown-land of Carniola (Krain). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08743a.htm Lallemant, Louis - French Jesuit, b. at Châlons-sur-Marne, 1588; d. at Bourges, 5 April, 1635. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08752e.htm Laos - Separated from the Vicariate Apostolic of Siam by a decree of 4 May, 1899. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08794b.htm Lanfranc - Archbishop of Canterbury, b. at Pavia c.1005; d. at Canterbury, 24 May, 1089. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08784c.htm Lambeck, Peter - Historian and librarian, b. at Hamburg, 13 April 1628; d. at Vienna, 4 April, 1680. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08756a.htm Litany of the Holy Name - Does not give the text of the litany itself, but mentions many of the titles of Jesus Christ. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09290a.htm Lanfranco, Giovanni - Decorative painter, b. at Parma, 1581, d. in Rome, 1647. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08786a.htm Lamy, Bernard - Oratorian, b. at Le Mans, France, in June, 1640; d. at Rouen, 29 Jan., 1715. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08771c.htm Lanciano and Ortona - Lanciano is a small city in the province of Chieti, in the Abruzzi, Central Italy, between the Pescara and the Trigni, with a majestic view of Mount Maiella. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08774b.htm Liszt, Franz - Article follows the pianist and composer's life and career, showing how his religious expression waned during his middle years, then increased toward the end of his life. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09285b.htm Lazarus of Bethany, Saint - Reputed first Bishop of Marseilles, died in the second half of the first century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09097a.htm Lamberville, Jacques and Jean de - Seventeenth-century Jesuit missionaries. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08759a.htm Lamy, Thomas Joseph - Biblical scholar end orientalist, b. at Ohey, in Belgium, 27 Jan., 1827, d. at Louvain, 30 July, 1907. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08772b.htm Linköping, Ancient See of - Located in Sweden; originally included Östergötland, the Islands of Gotland and Öland, and Smaaland. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16053b.htm Lana, Francesco - Born 10 Dec., 1631, at Brescia in Italy; died in the same place, 22 Feb., 1687. Mathematician and naturalist, he was also the scientific founder of aeronautics. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08772c.htm Laderchi, James - An Italian Oratorian and ecclesiastical historian, born about 1678, at Faenza near Ravenna; died 25 April, 1738, at Rome. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08736b.htm Lamp and Lampadarii - There is very little evidence that any strictly liturgical use was made of lamps in the early centuries of Christianity. The fact that many of the services took place at night, and that after the lapse of a generation or two the meetings of the Christians - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08768c.htm Landriot, Jean-François-Anne - French bishop, b. at Couches-les-Mines near Autun, 1816, d. at Reims, 1874. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08784b.htm Lampa - A titular see in Crete, suffragan of Gortyna, was probably a colony of Tarrha. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08768b.htm Lamego - Diocese situated in the district of Vizeu, province of Beira, Portugal. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08761b.htm Lamprecht - German poet of the twelfth century, of whom practically nothing personal is known but his name and the fact that he was a cleric. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08769a.htm Lamartine, Alphonse de - Poet, b. at Macon Saône-et-Loire, France, 21 Oct., 1790; d. at Paris, l March, 1869. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08754a.htm Labyrinth - A complicated arrangement of paths and passages; or a place, usually subterraneous, full of windings, corridors, rooms, etc., so intricately arranged as to render the getting out of it a very difficult matter. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08728b.htm Lamormaini, Wilhelm - Confessor of Emperor Ferdinand II, b. 29 December, 1570, at Dochamps, Luxemburg; d. at Vienna, 22 February, 1648. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08768a.htm Laicization - The term laity signifies the aggregation of those Christians who do not form part of the clergy. Consequently the word lay does not strictly connote any idea of hostility towards the clergy or the Church much less towards religion. Laicization, therefore, - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08744a.htm Laity - The body of the faithful, outside of the ranks of the clergy. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08748a.htm Lenormant, Charles - French archæologist, b. in Paris, 1 June, 1802; d. at Athens, 24 November, 1859. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09150c.htm Lawrence, Saint - Successor of St. Augustine of Canterbury as archbishop of that see, and died in 619. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09090a.htm Lambruschini, Luigi - Cardinal, b. at Sestri Levante, near Genoa, 6 March, 1776, d. at Rome, 12 May, 1854. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08760b.htm Lamy, François - An ascetical and apologetic writer of the Congregation of St-Maur, b. in 1636 at Montireau in the Department of Eure-et-Loir; d. 11 April, 1711, at the Abbey of St-Denis near Paris. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08772a.htm Lambillotte, Louis - Belgian Jesuit and composer. (1796-1855) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08759b.htm Lambert of St-Bertin - Benedictine chronicler and abbot, b. about 1060; d. 22 June, 1125, at St-Bertin, France. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08758b.htm Lindores, Benedictine Abbey of - On the River Tay, near Newburgh, Fifeshire, Scotland, founded by David, Earl of Huntingdon, younger brother of King William the Lion, about 1191. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09270a.htm La Moricière, Louis-Christophe-Leon Juchault de - French general and commander-in-chief of the papal army, b. at Nantes, 5 February, 1806; d. at the château of Prouzel, near Amiens, 11 September, 1865. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08767a.htm Lahore - Diocese in northern India, part of the ecclesiastical Province of Agra. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08742c.htm Lamennais, Félicité Robert de - Born at Saint-Malo, 29 June, 1782; died at Paris, 27 February, 1854. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08762a.htm Lambert of Hersfeld - A medieval historian; b. in Franconia or Thuringia, c. 1024; d. after 1077. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08758a.htm Lamb, Paschal - A lamb which the Israelites were commanded to eat with peculiar rites as a part of the Passover celebration. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08755a.htm Lac, Stanislaus du - Jesuit educationist and social work, b. at Paris, 21 November, 1835; d. there, 30 August, 1909. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08729a.htm Lamennais, Jean-Marie-Robert de - French priest, brother of Félicité Robert de Lamennais, b. at St-Malo in 1780; d. at Ploërmel, Brittany, in 1860. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08765a.htm La Hire, Philippe de - Mathematician, astronomer, physicist, naturalist, and painter, b. in Paris, 18 March, 1640; d. in Paris, 21 April, 1718. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08742b.htm Liber Pontificalis - A history of the popes beginning with St. Peter and continued down to the fifteenth century, in the form of biographies. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09224a.htm Laetare Sunday - The fourth, or middle, Sunday of Lent, so called from the first words of the Introit at Mass. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08737c.htm Libermann, Ven. Francis Mary Paul - Founder of the Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, which was afterwards merged in the Congregation of the Holy Ghost. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09223a.htm Linacre, Thomas - English physician and clergyman, founder of the Royal College of Physicians, London, b. at Canterbury about 1460; d. in London, 20 October, 1524. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09265b.htm Lalor, Teresa - Co-foundress, with Bishop Neale of Baltimore, of the Visitation Order in the United States, b. in Ireland; d. 9 Sept., 1846. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08753a.htm Larrey, Dominique-Jean - Baron, French military surgeon, b. at Baudéan, Hautes-Pyrénées, July, 1766; d. at Lyons, 25 July, 1842. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09007a.htm Lacedonia, Diocese of - Located in the province of Avellino, Southern Italy. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08732a.htm Lambert Le Bègue - Priest and reformer, lived at Liège, Belgium, about the middle of the twelfth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08757b.htm Lainez, James - Second general of the Society of Jesus, theologian, b. in 1512, at Almazan, Castille, in 1512; d. at Rome, 19 January, 1565. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08747a.htm Lalemant, Jerome - Jesuit missionary, b. at Paris, 27 April, 1593, d. at Quebec, 16 November, 1665. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08752c.htm La Salette, Missionaries of - Founded in 1852, at the shrine of Our Lady of La Salette, where some priests banded together to care for the numerous pilgrims frequenting the mountain. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09009a.htm La Haye, Jean de - Franciscan Biblical scholar, b. at Paris, 20 March, 1593; d. there 15 Oct., 1661. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08741d.htm Lalemant, Charles - Born at Paris, 17 November, 1587; died there, 18 November, 1674. He was the first superior of the Jesuit missions in Canada, and his letter to his brother dated 1 August, 1626, inaugurated the series of "Relations" about the missionary work in t - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08752a.htm Labarum (Chi-Rho) - The name by which the military standard adopted by Constantine the Great after his celebrated vision (Lactantius, "De mortibus persecutorum", 44), was known in antiquity. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08717c.htm Lynch, John - Historian, b. at Galway, Ireland, 1599; d. in France, 1673; was the son of Alexander Lynch, who kept a classical school at Galway. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09471a.htm LaFarge, John - Painter, decorator, and writer. (1835-1910) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16050b.htm Lyrba - A titular see of Pamphylia Prima, known by its coins and the mention made of it by Dionysius, Perieg. 858, Ptolemy, V, 5, S, and Hierocles. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09478a.htm La Fosse, Charles de - Painter, b. in Paris, 15 June, 1636; d. in Paris, 13 December, 1716, and buried in the church of Saint Eustache. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08740b.htm La Luzerne, César-Guillaume - French cardinal b. at Paris, 1738; d. there, l821. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08753b.htm Louis of Granada, Venerable - Spanish theologian, writer, and preacher. (1505-1588) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09385b.htm Lambert, Saint - Bishop of Maestricht, martyred between 698 and 701 for defending the sanctity of marriage. Also called St. Landebertus. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08757a.htm La Harpe, Jean-François - A French critic and poet, b. at Paris, 20 November, 1739; d. February, 1803. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08741c.htm Lystra - A titular see in the Province of Lycaonia, suffragan of Iconium. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09478c.htm Love, Theological Virtue of - The third and greatest of the Divine virtues enumerated by St. Paul (1 Cor., xiii, 13), usually called charity, defined: a divinely infused habit, inclining the human will to cherish God for his own sake above all things, and man for the sake of God. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09397a.htm La Fontaine, Jean de - French poet, b. at Chateau-Thierry, 8 July, 1621; d. at Paris, 13 April, 1695. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08739c.htm Lagrené, Pierre - A missionary in New France, b. at Paris, 12 Nov. (al. 28 Oct.), 1659; d. at Quebec in 1736. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08741b.htm Labat, Jean-Baptiste - Dominican missionary, born at Paris, 1664; died there, 1738. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08718a.htm Laforêt, Nicholas-Joseph - Belgian philosopher and theologian, born at Graide, 23 January, 1823; died at Louvain, 26 January, 1872. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08740a.htm Laflèche, Louis-François Richer - French-Canadian bishop, b. 4 Sept., 1818, at Ste-Anne de la Perade, Province of Quebec; d. 14 July, 1898. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08739b.htm Lorsch Abbey - One of the most renowned monasteries of the old Franco-German Empire, is situated about ten miles east of Worms in the Grand Duch of Hesse, Germany. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09364a.htm Laetus, Pomponius - Humanist, b. in Calabria in 1425; d. at Rome in 1497. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08738a.htm Luther, Martin - Leader of the great religious revolt of the sixteenth century in Germany; born at Eisleben, 10 November, 1483; died at Eisleben, 18 February, 1546. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09438b.htm Laennec, René-Théophile-Hyacinthe - Born at Quimper, in Brittany, France, 17 February, 1781; died at Kerlouanec, 13 August, 1826, a French physician, discoverer of auscultation, and father of modern knowledge of pulmonary diseases. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08737b.htm Lust - The inordinate craving for, or indulgence of, the carnal pleasure which is experienced in the human organs of generation. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09438a.htm Lunette - Known in Germany as the lunula and also as the melchisedech, is a crescent-shaped clip made of gold or of silver-gilt which is used for holding the Host in an upright position when exposed in the monstrance. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09435a.htm Lollards - The name given to the followers of John Wyclif, an heretical body numerous in England in the latter part of the fourteenth and the first half of the fifteenth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09333a.htm Labadists - A pietist sect of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries founded by Jean de Labadie, who was born at Bourg, near Bordeaux, 13 February, 1610, and died at Altonia, 13 February, 1674. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08717a.htm Louis XIV - King of France, b. at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, 16 September, 1638; d. at Versailles, 1 September, 1715; was the son of Louis XIII and Anne of Austria, and became king, upon the death of his father, 14 May 1643. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09371a.htm Lumper, Gottfried - Benedictine patristic writer, born 6 Feb., 1747, at Füssen in Bavaria; died 8 March, 1800 (Hefele says 1801), at the Abbey of St. George at Billingen in the Black Forest. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09431b.htm Lossen, Karl August - German petrologist and geologist, born at Kreuznach (Rhine Province), 5 January, 1841; died at Berlin, 24 February, 1893. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09365b.htm Louvain, University of - In order to restore the splendour of Louvain, capital of his Duchy of Brabant, John IV of the House of Burgundy petitioned the papal authority for the establishment of an educational institution called at the time studium generale. The Bull of Martin V, d - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09391a.htm Lesueur, François Eustache - Jesuit missionary and philologist, of the Abnaki mission in Canada; born (according to notes given by Thwaites, apparently from official sources) near Coutances, Normandy, 22 July, 1685 or 1686, though Maurault gives his birthplace as Lunel, in Languedoc; - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09200a.htm La Roche Daillon, Joseph de - Recollect, one of the most zealous missionaries of the Huron tribe, d. in France, 1656. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09004c.htm Legends, Literary or Profane - In the period of national origins history and legend are inextricably mingled. In the course of oral transmission historic narrative necessarily becomes more or less legendary. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09121a.htm Loménie de Brienne, Etienne-Charles de - French cardinal and statesman. (1727-1794) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09340a.htm Latin Literature in Christianity (Sixth to Twentieth Century) - During the Middle Ages the so-called church Latin was to a great extent the language of poetry, and it was only on the advent of the Renaissance that classical Latin revived and flourished in the writings of the neo-Latinists as it does even today though - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09026a.htm Labbe, Philippe - Born at Borges, 10 July, 1607; died at Paris, at the College of Clermont, 17 (16) March, 1667; a distinguished Jesuit writer on historical, geographical, and philological questions. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08718b.htm Lawrence Justinian, Saint - Bishop and first Patriarch of Venice. He died in 1456. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09091a.htm La Crosse - Diocese erected in 1868; included that part of the State of Wisconsin, U.S.A., lying north and west of the Wisconsin River. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08735b.htm |
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