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 Edward Ambrose Barlow, Saint   - Short biography of the Benedictine priest, martyred at Lancaster in 1641. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02298b.htm    Edward Bamber, Blessed - Lancashire priest martyred in 1646. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02242b.htm Everald Hanse, Blessed - Priest martyred at Tyburn in 1581. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07130a.htm Edward Osbaldeston, Blessed - Profile of the English priest and martyr, who was executed at York in 1594. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11335a.htm Edmund Ignatius Rice, Blessed - Biographical article on the founder of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools (better known as the Irish Christian Brothers). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13040b.htm Edward Oldcorne, Blessed - Englishman, Jesuit priest, martyred in 1606. Biography. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11237a.htm Ewing, Thomas - Jurist and statesman, b. in West Liberty, Virginia (now West Virginia), U.S.A., 28 December, 1789; d. at Lancaster, Ohio, 26 October, 1871. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05672b.htm Ewald, Saints - Both saints named Ewald (or Hewald)--Ewald the Black and Ewald the Fair--were Northumbrian priests, martyred in Old Saxony about 695. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05672a.htm Evreux - Diocese in the Department of Eure, France; suffragan of the Archbishopric of Rouen. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05671a.htm Evora - Located in Portugal, raised to archiepiscopal rank in 1544, at which time it was given as suffragans Leiria and Portalegre; in 1570 and later were added Sylves, Ceuta, Congo, Santo ThomĂ©, Funchal, Cabo Verde, and Angra. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05670a.htm Evaristus, Pope Saint - Sometimes called Aristus. Martyr, died about 107. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05646a.htm Evangelical Church - Almost from the beginning the new Evangelical Church was split, first into two communions, the Lutheran and the Reformed, then into a multitude of sects. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05642a.htm Evangeliaria - Liturgical books containing those portions of the Gospels which are read during Mass or in the public offices of the Church. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05640b.htm Evagrius Ponticus - Short article on this important fourth-century author of ascetical writings. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05640a.htm Eutychius - Melchite Patriarch of Alexandria, author of a history of the world, b. 876, at Fustat (Cairo); d. 11 May, 940. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05639a.htm Eutychius I - Patriarch of Constantinople, b. about 512, in Phrygia; d. Easter Day, 5 April, 582. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05638b.htm Eutychianus, Pope Saint - The successor of Pope Felix I. Eutychianus died in 283. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05638a.htm Eutychianism - Eutychianism and Monophysitism are usually identified as a single heresy. But as some Monophysites condemned Eutyches, the name Eutychians is given by some writers only to those in Armenia. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05633a.htm Euthymius, Saint - Called "the Great," abbot in Palestine, d. 473. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05630b.htm Eustochium Julia, Saint - Daughter of St. Paula. Monastic, spoke Latin and Greek, read Hebrew, the recipient of a famous letter from St. Jerome. She died in 419 or 420. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05629a.htm Eustathius of Sebaste - Born about 300; died about 377. He was one of the chief founders of monasticism in Asia Minor, and for a long time was an intimate friend of St. Basil. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05628b.htm Eustathius, Saint - Anti-Arian bishop of Antioch, died in exile, probably in 360. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05627b.htm Eustachius and Companions, Saints - Second-century Roman martyrs. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05627a.htm Eustace, Saint - Companion of St. Columbanus and second abbot of Luxeuil, d. 625. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05626a.htm Eusebius of Nicomedia - Bishop, place and date of birth unknown; d. 341. He was a pupil at Antioch of Lucian the Martyr, in whose famous school he learned his Arian doctrines. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05623b.htm Eusebius of Dorylæum - Bishop of Dorylæum in Asia Minor, was the prime mover on behalf of Catholic orthodoxy against the heresies of Nestorius and Eutyches. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05622a.htm Eusebius, Saint - Bishop of Vercelli, exiled for defending St. Athanasius, anti-Arian, martyr, d. 371. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05614b.htm Europe - The conception of Europe as a distinct division of the earth, separate from Asia and Africa, had its origin in ancient times. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05607b.htm Euroea - A titular see of Epirus Vetus in Greece, suffragan of Nicopolis. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05607a.htm Euphrosyne, Saint - According to the Vitae Patrum, passed as a man and lived in a men's monastery for 38 years. She died in about 470. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05606c.htm Euphrasia (Eupraxia), Saint - A desert mother, died after 410. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05606b.htm Eumenia - A titular see of Phrygia Pacatiana in Asia Minor, and suffragan to Hierapolis. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05604b.htm Eulogius of Cordova, Saint - Writer, martyr, elected Archbishop of Toledo shortly before he was beheaded (11 March, 859). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05604a.htm Eulogius of Alexandria, Saint - Patriarch of Alexandria. Argued against Novatians, and against Nestorius and Eutyches. Eulogius died in 607. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05603c.htm Eulalia of Barcelona, Saint - Martyred 12 February, 304, patron saint of sailors. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05603a.htm Eugenius of Carthage, Saint - Unanimously elected bishop of Carthage, exiled for a time for speaking out against the Arians, died 505. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05602c.htm Eugene IV, Pope - Gabriello Condulmaro, or Condulmerio, b. at Venice, 1388; elected 4 March, 1431; d. at Rome, 23 Feb., 1447. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05601a.htm Eugene III, Pope Blessed - Cistercian monk and abbot chosen by unanimous vote of the College of Cardinals to succeed Lucius II. Blessed Eugene died in 1151. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05599a.htm Eugene II, Pope - Elected 6 June, 824; died 27 Aug., 827. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05598b.htm Eugene I, Pope Saint - Made bishop of Rome after Pope St. Martin I had been in exile for 14 months. Eugene died in 657. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05598a.htm Eugendus, Saint - Fourth abbot of Condat, d. 510. Also called St. Augendus, Oyand, or Oyan. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05597c.htm Eucharius, Saint - First bishop of Trier (Treves). Second half of third century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05594a.htm Eucharistic Congresses - Gatherings of ecclesiastics and laymen for the purpose of celebrating and glorifying the Holy Eucharist and of seeking the best means to spread its knowledge and love throughout the world. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05592a.htm Eucarpia - A titular see of Phrygia Salutaris in Asia Minor. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05572b.htm Euaria - A titular see of Phoenicia Secunda or Libanensis, in Palestine. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05572a.htm Etherianus, Hugh and Leo - Brothers, Tuscans by birth, employed at the court of Constantinople under the Emperor Manuel I (Comnenus, 1143-1180). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05555c.htm Ethelwold, Saint - Bishop of Winchester, called "father of monks," d. 984. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05555b.htm Etheldreda, Saint - Queen of Northumbria, twice married for reasons of state, d. 679. Biography. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05554b.htm Ethelbert, Saint - Biography of the King of the East Angles, who was murdered in 794. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05553a.htm Estaing, Comte d' - French admiral, b. at the chateau de Ravel (Auvergne), 28 November, 1729; d. at Paris, 28 April, 1794. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05548b.htm Essence and Existence - Essence, described as that whereby a thing is what it is. Existence is that whereby the essence is an actuality in the line of being. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05543b.htm Espen, Zeger Bernhard van - Belgian canonist, born at Louvain, 9 July, 1646; died at Amersfoort, Netherlands, 2 Oct., 1728. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05541b.htm Espejo, Antonio - A Spanish explorer, whose fame rests upon a notable expedition which he conducted into New Mexico and Arizona in 1582-3. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05541a.htm Esnambuc, Pierre Belain, Sieur d' - Captain in the French marine, b. 1565, at Allouville, near Yvetot (Seine-Inferieure); d. at St. Christopher in Dec., 1636. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05540a.htm Eskimo - A littoral race occupying the entire Arctic coast and outlying islands of America from below Cook Inlet in Alaska to the mouth of the St. Lawrence. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05539a.htm Eskil - Archbishop of Lund, SkĂĄne, Sweden; b. about 1100; d. at Clairvaux, 6 (7?) Sept., 1181. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05538b.htm Escorial, The - A building in Spain situated on the south-eastern slope of the Sierra Guadarrama about twenty-seven miles north-west of Madrid. Its proper title is El Real Monasterio de San Lorenzo del Escorial , Escorial being the name of a small town in the vicinity. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05534c.htm Escobar, Marina de - Mystic and foundress of a modified branch of the Brigittine Order b. at Valladolid, Spain, 8 Feb., 1554; d. there 9 June, 1633. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05534a.htm Esch, Nicolaus van - A famous mystical theologian, b. in Oisterwijk near Hertogenbosch (Boisle-Duc), Holland, in 1507; d. 19 July, 1578. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05528a.htm Erzerum (Theodosiopolis) - The kings of Armenia established their summer residence here. Later Garin fell into the power of the Byzantines, who named it Theodosiopolis (415), under which title it is still a Latin titular see. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05527b.htm Erythrae - A titular see in Asia Minor. According to legend the city was founded by colonists from Crete. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05527a.htm Erwin of Steinbach - One of the architects of the Strasburg cathedral, date of birth unknown; d. at Strasburg, 17 January, 1318. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05526b.htm Erthal, Friedrich Karl Joseph, Freiherr von - Last Elector and Archbishop of Mainz, b. 3 Jan., 1719, at Mainz; d. 25 July, 1802, at Aschaffenburg. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05526a.htm Erthal, Franz Ludwig von - Prince-Bishop of WĂĽrzburg and Bamberg, b. at Lohr on the Main, 16 September, 1730; d. at WĂĽrzburg, 16 February, 1795. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05525c.htm Erskine, Charles - Cardinal, b. at Rome, 13 Feb., 1739; d. at Paris, 20 March, 1811. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05525b.htm Errington, William - Priest, founder of Sedgley Park School, b. 17 July, 1716; d. 28 September, 1768. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05524c.htm Ernulf - Architect, b. at Beauvais, France, in 1040; d. 1124. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05524b.htm Ernst of Hesse-Rheinfels - The sixth son of Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, after whose resignation of the government in 1627 to his son Wilhelm V, Ernst and his brother Hermann respectively founded the collateral lines of Hesse-Rheinfels and Hesse-Rotenburg. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05524a.htm Eriugena, John Scotus - Article by William Turner recounts this scholar's life and influence, and evaluates his teachings. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05519a.htm Erhard of Ratisbon, Saint - Seventh-century Irish-born missionary bishop. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05518a.htm Erconwald, Saint - Monk, Bishop of London, founded two monasteries, d. about 690. Biography. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05517a.htm Edesius and Frumentius - Tyrian Greeks of the fourth century, probably brothers, who introduced Christianity into Abyssinia; the latter a saint and first Bishop of Axum, styled the Apostle of Abyssinia, d. about 383. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05281b.htm Eoghan, Saints - Some details on five Irish saints of this name. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05480a.htm Ensingen, Ulrich - Belonged to a family of architects who came from Einsingen near Ulm, Wurtemberg, and who shared as master-builders in the construction of the most important Gothic buildings of the fifteenth century in Southern Germany. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05479a.htm Ennodius, Magnus Felix - Rhetorician and bishop, b. probably at Arles, in Southern Gaul, in 474; d. at Pavia, Italy, 17 July, 521. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05478a.htm Englefield, Sir Henry Charles, Bart. - Antiquary and scientist, b. 1752; d. 21 March, 1822. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05472a.htm Engelbrechtsen, Cornelis - Dutch painter, b. at Leyden, 1468; d. there 1533; is believed to have been identical with a certain Cornelis de Hollandere who was a member of the Guild of St. Luke at Antwerp in 1492. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05431a.htm Engelbert - Abbot of the Benedictine monastery of Admont in Styria, b. of noble parents at Volkersdorf in Styria, c. 1250; d. 12 May, 1331. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05430a.htm Engelbert of Cologne, Saint - Went from excommunicated worldly soldier to martyred archbishop. He was killed by his cousin in 1225. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05429c.htm Engelberg, Abbey of - A Benedictine monastery in Switzerland, formerly in the Diocese of Constance. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05429b.htm Engel, Ludwig - Canonist, b. at Castle Wagrein, Austria; d. at Grillenberg, 22 April 1694. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05429a.htm Encyclopedists - Article by C.A. Dubray siscusses the group of philosophers who contributed to the EncyclopĂ©die. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05418a.htm Encolpion - The name given in early Christian times to a species of reliquary worn round the neck, in which were enclosed relics. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05412b.htm Enciso, MartĂn Fernández de - Navigator and geographer, b. at Seville, Spain, c. 1470; d. probably about 1528 at Seville. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05412a.htm Enciso, Diego Ximenez de - Dramatic poet, b. in Andalusia, Spain, c. 1585; date of death unknown. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05411b.htm Encina, Juan de la - Biographical article commenting on his musical and writing abilities and his priestly positions. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05411a.htm Emser, Hieronymus - The most ardent literary opponent of Luther, born of a prominent family at Ulm, 20 March, 1477; died 8 Nov., 1527 at Dresden. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05410a.htm Emery, Jacques-AndrĂ© - Superior of the Society of St-Sulpice during the French Revolution, b. 26 Aug., 1732, at Gex; d. at Paris, 28 April, 1811. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05401c.htm Emerentiana, Saint - Virgin and martyr, d. at Rome in the third century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05401b.htm ElzĂ©ar of Sabran, Saint - Married, Third Order Franciscan, d. 1323. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05397a.htm Elvira, Council of - Held early in the fourth century at Elliberis, or Illiberis, in Spain, a city now in ruins not far from Granada. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05395b.htm Elusa - A titular see of Palaestina Tertia, suffragan of Petra. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05395a.htm Elphege, Saint - Also called Alphege or Godwine. Hermit, abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury, martyred in 1012. Biographical article. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05394a.htm Ellwangen Abbey - The earliest Benedictine monastery established in the Duchy of Wurtemberg, situated in the Diocese of Augsburg about thirty miles north-east of the town of Stuttgart. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05392c.htm Eligius, Saint - Or Eloi. Bishop of Noyon-Tournai, founded several monasteries, d. 660. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05386a.htm Elias of Cortona - Minister General of the Friars Minor, b., it is said, at Bevilia near Assisi, c. 1180; d. at Cortona, 22 April, 1253. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05382a.htm Eleutherius, Saint - First Bishop of Tournai, early sixth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05379a.htm Eleutherius (Eleutheros), Pope Saint - Native of Nicopolis, served as deacon in the Roman Church, d. about 189. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05378a.htm Election - In its broadest sense election means a choice among many persons, things, or sides to be taken. In the stricter juridical sense it means the choice of one person among many for a definite charge or function. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05374b.htm Elder, William Henry - Third Bishop of Natchez, Mississippi, U.S.A., and second Archbishop of Cincinnati, b. in Baltimore, Maryland, 22 March, 1819; d. in Cincinnati, 31 Oct., 1904. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05373a.htm Elder, George - Educator, b. 11 August, 1793, in Kentucky, U.S.A.; d. 28 Sept., 1838, at Bardstown. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05372b.htm Ekkehard of Aura - Benedictine monk and chronicler, b. about 1050; d. after 1125. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05371a.htm Eisengrein, Martin - Catholic theologian and polemical writer, born of Protestant parents at Stuttgart, 28 December, 1535; died at Ingolstadt, 4 May, 1578. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05368a.htm Einsiedeln, Abbey of - A Benedictine monastery in the Canton of Schwyz, Switzerland, dedicated to Our Lady of the Hermits. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05367a.htm Eimhin, Saint - Abbot and Bishop of Ros-mic-Truin, d. first half of the sixth century. Some believe that Eimhin is the author of the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05366a.htm Eichstätt - Diocese in Bavaria, north of the Danube, and suffragan to Bamberg. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05364a.htm Egwin, Saint - Third bishop of Worcester, founded the Benedictine monastery of Evesham, d. 717 or 720. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05329a.htm Egmont, Lamoral, Count of - Born at the Château de La Hamaide, in Hainault, 18 Nov., 1522; beheaded at Brussels, 5 June, 1568. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05327c.htm Egloffstein, Frederick W. von - Born at Aldorf, near Nuremberg, Bavaria, 18 May, 1824; died in New York, 1885. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05327b.htm Egbert, Archbishop of York - Son of Eata, brother of the Northumbrian King Eadbert and cousin of King Ceolwulf, to whom the Venerable Bede dedicated his history; date of birth unknown; d. 19 November, 766. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05326a.htm Egbert, Archbishop of Trier - Belonged to the family of the Counts of Holland. Died 8 or 9 December, 993. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05325c.htm Egbert - Frequently though incorrectly called "First King of England", died A.D. 839. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05325b.htm Egbert, Saint - A Northumbrian by birth, became a monk in Ireland, died in 729 at the age of 90. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05325a.htm Edward Powell, Blessed - Biography of the Welsh priest, Bl. Thomas Abel's companion in martyrdom, d. 1506. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14659c.htm Education of the Deaf - History, aids, and alphabets are discussed. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05315a.htm Edmund Rich, Saint - This Archbishop of Canterbury died in 1240, and was canonized within six years. Biography. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05294a.htm Edinburgh - Derives its name from the time (about A.D. 620) when the fortress of Edwin's burgh was raised on a lofty spur of the Pentland Hills, overlooking the Firth of Forth, and established the Anglian dominion in the northern part of the Northumbrian Kingdom. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05284a.htm Edgeworth, Henry Essex - Confessor of Louis XVI, and vicar-general of the Diocese of Paris at the height of the French Revolution. (1745-1807) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05283a.htm Edessa - A titular archiepiscopal see in that part of Mesopotamia formerly known as Osrhoene. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05282a.htm Edda - A title applied to two different collections of old Norse literature, the poetical or "Elder Edda" and the prose or "Younger Edda". - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05280a.htm Ecuador - An independent state of South America, bounded on the north by Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the south by Peru, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05278a.htm Eckhart, Johann Georg von - German historian, b. at Duingen in the principality of Kalenberg, 7 Sept., 1664; d. at WĂĽrzburg, 9 Feb., 1730. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05273c.htm Eck, Johann - Theologian and principal adversary of Luther. Detailed profile by J.P. Kirsch. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05271b.htm Echter von Mespelbrunn, Julius - Prince-Bishop of WĂĽrzburg, b. 18 March, 1545, in the Castle of Mespelbrunn, Spessart (Bavaria); d. 13 Sept., 1617, at WĂĽrzburg. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05271a.htm Eberhard, Matthias - Bishop of Trier, b. 15 Nov., 1815, at Trier (Germany), d. there 30 May, 1876. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05242a.htm Ebendorfer, Thomas - German chronicler, professor, and statesman, b. 12 August, 1385, at Haselbach, in Upper Austria; d. at Vienna, 8 Jan., 1464. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05241b.htm Ebbo - Archbishop of Reims, b. towards the end of the eighth century; d. 20 March, 851. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05241a.htm Emmeram, Saint - Late seventh-century missionary to Bavaria, where he was martyred. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05405b.htm Embroidery - In Christian worship embroidery was used from early times to ornament vestments. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05400a.htm Elphin - Suffragan of Tuam, Ireland, a see founded by St. Patrick. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05394b.htm Ellis, Philip Michael - First Vicar Apostolic of the Western District, England, subsequently Bishop of Segni, Italy, b. in 1652; d. 16 Nov., 1726. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05392b.htm Elizabeth of Schönau, Saint - Benedictine visionary, friend of Hildegarde of Bingen. Elizabeth died in 1165. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05392a.htm Elizabeth of Reute, Blessed - Even in her childhood was called "the good Betha." Third Order Franciscan, d. 1420. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05391b.htm Elizabeth of Portugal, Saint - Queen, also known as St. Isabel, d. 1336. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05391a.htm Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint - Also called St. Elizabeth of Thuringia. Biographical article on the princess, widow, Third Order Franciscan, who died in 1231. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05389a.htm Elizabeth Ann Seton, Saint - Biography of the founder of the Sisters of Charity in the United States. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13739a.htm Elizabeth, Saint - The wife of Zachary, mother of St. John the Baptist, and relative of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Some believe that it was Elizabeth who proclaimed the Magnificat. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05387b.htm Ernan, Saint - Some people count more than two dozen saints of this name. Article tries to distinguish four of them. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05523a.htm Ermland - A district of East Prussia and an exempt bishopric. St. Adalbert of Prague (d. 997) and St. Bruno of Querfurt (d. 1009) converted the early inhabitants of this region, the heathen Prussians, to Christianity and two centuries later Teutonic Knights and mem - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05522a.htm Elined, Saint - British princess, virgin, and martyr, fl. c. 490. Venerated especially in Wales. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05386b.htm Ems, Congress of - A meeting of the representatives of the German Archbishops Friedrich Karl von Erthal of Mainz, Maximilian Franz of Cologne, Clemens Wenceslaus of Trier, and Hieronymus von Colloredo of Salzburg, at the little town of Bad-Ems, near Coblenz, in August, 1786 - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05409a.htm Emigrant Aid Societies - Details of several organizations, the earliest being the Charitable Irish Society of Boston, Massachusetts, founded 17 March, 1737. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05402b.htm Evil - In a large sense, described as the sum of the opposition, which experience shows to exist in the universe, to the desires and needs of individuals; whence arises, among humans beings at least, the sufferings in which life abounds. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05649a.htm Error - Reduplicatively regarded, is in one way or another the product of ignorance. But besides the lack of information which it implies, it adds the positive element of a mental judgment, by which something false is held to be true, or something true avouched t - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05525a.htm Exultet - The hymn in praise of the paschal candle sung by the deacon, in the liturgy of Holy Saturday. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05730b.htm Exarch - A title used in various senses both civilly and ecclesiastically. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05676b.htm Exorcism - Exorcism is (1) the act of driving out, or warding off, demons, or evil spirits, from persons, places, or things, which are believed to be possessed or infested by them, or are liable to become victims or instruments of their malice; (2) the means employe - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05709a.htm Exorcist - (1) In general, any one who exorcises or professes to exorcise demons (cf. Acts 19:13); (2) in particular, one ordained by a bishop for this office, ordination to which is the second of the four minor orders of the Western Church. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05711a.htm Espousals - A contract of future marriage between a man and a woman, who are thereby affianced. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05542d.htm Exemption - The whole or partial release of an ecclesiastical person, corporation, or institution from the authority of the ecclesiastical superior next higher in rank, and the placing of the person or body thus released under the control of the authority next above - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05706a.htm Ethics - Many writers regard ethics as any scientific treatment of the moral order and divide it into theological, or Christian, ethics (moral theology) and philosophical ethics (moral philosophy). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05556a.htm Exequatur - A faculty which civil rulers impart to a Bull, papal Brief, or other ecclesiastical enactment in order to give it binding force in their respective territories. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05707a.htm Elbel, Benjamin - Bavarian moral theologian. (1690-1756) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16037c.htm Excommunication - Exclusion from the communion, the principal and severest censure, is a medicinal, spiritual penalty that deprives the guilty Christian of all participation in the common blessings of ecclesiastical society. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05678a.htm Ex Cathedra - Literally "from the chair", a theological term which signifies authoritative teaching and is more particularly applied to the definitions given by the Roman pontiff. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05677a.htm Extreme Unction - A sacrament to give spiritual aid and comfort and perfect spiritual health, including, if need be, the remission of sins, and also, conditionally, to restore bodily health, to Christians who are seriously ill. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05716a.htm Ekkehard - Name of five monks of the (Swiss) Abbey of St. Gall from the tenth to the thirteenth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05370a.htm Exul Hibernicus - The name given to an Irish stranger on the Continent of Europe in the time of Charles the Great, who wrote poems in Latin, several of which are addressed to the emperor. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05730a.htm Eustace, Maurice - His own father had him arrested for secretly taking Holy Orders, and Maurice's brother accused him of treason. Martyred at Dublin in 1581. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05626c.htm Europus - A titular see in Provincis Euphratensis, suffragan of Hierapolis. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05614a.htm Eunomianism - A phase of extreme Arianism prevalent amongst a section of Eastern churchmen from about 350 until 381; as a sect it is not heard of after the middle of the fifth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05605a.htm Esdras - Or Ezra. Article on the man and the books which bear his name. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05535a.htm Examination - A process prescribed or assigned for testing qualification; an investigation, inquiry. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05673a.htm Espinosa, Alonso De - Spanish priest and historian of the sixteenth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05542c.htm Exclusion, Right of - The alleged competence of the more important Catholic countries, Austria, France, and Spain, to indicate to their respective cardinal protector, or cardinal procurator, those members of the Sacred College who were personæ minus gratæ, so that, if there - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05677b.htm Euthanasia - From Greek eu, well, and thanatos, death, easy, painless death. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05630a.htm Eusebius of Laodicea - An Alexandrian deacon who had some fame as a confessor and became bishop of Laodicea in Syria, date of birth uncertain: d. about 268. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05623a.htm Eugenius II (the Younger) - Archbishop of Toledo from 647 to 13 Nov., 657, the date of his death. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05602b.htm Eugenics, The Church and - Eugenics literally means "good breeding". It is defined as the study of agencies under social control that may improve or impair the racial qualities of future generations either physically or mentally. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16038b.htm Evangelical Alliance, The - An association of Protestants belonging to various denominations founded in 1846. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05641a.htm Eugenius I - Archbishop of Toledo, successor in 636 of Justus in that see; d. 647. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05602a.htm Examination of Conscience - By this term is understood a review of one's past thoughts, words and actions for the purpose of ascertaining their conformity with, or difformity from, the moral law. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05675a.htm Escobar y Mendoza, Antonio - Preacher and writer, born at Valladolid in 1589; died there, 4 July, 1669. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05534b.htm Espinel, Vincent - Poet and novelist; born at Ronda (Malaga), Spain, 1544; died at Madrid, 1634. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05542b.htm Eucharist, Early Symbols of the - The earliest and always the favourite symbol of the Eucharist in the monuments was that inspired by the miracle of the multiplication of the loaves and fishes; the banquet of the seven Disciples appears only in one (second-century) catacomb scene; the mir - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05590a.htm Eithne, Saint - Irish princess, converted to Christianity by St. Patrick, died immediately after receiving her First Communion (433). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05369b.htm Echternach, Abbey of - A Benedictine monastery in the town of that name, in the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg and the Diocese of Trier. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05270d.htm Editions of the Bible - Includes Hebrew and Greek editions. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05286a.htm Epping, Joseph - German astronomer and Assyriologist, b. at Neuenkirchen near Rhine in Westphalia, 1 Dec., 1835; d. at Exaeten, Holland, 22 Aug., 1894. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05510a.htm Epistle (in Scripture) - The Old Testament exhibits two periods in its idea of an epistle: first, it presents the epistle under the general concept of a book or a writing; secondly, it regards the epistle as a distinct literary form. The New Testament presents a very highly devel - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05509a.htm Ernakulam, Vicariate Apostolic of - In May, 1887, the churches of Syrian Rite in Malabar were separated from those of the Latin Rite and formed into the Vicariates of Trichur and Kottayam under European prelates. In response, however, to the petitions of the Syrian Catholics desirous of obt - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16038a.htm Eucharist, Real Presence of Christ in - Article considers: the fact of the Real Presence; the several allied dogmas grouped about it; and the speculations of reason, so far as speculative investigation regarding the august mystery under its various aspects is permissible, and so far as it is de - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05573a.htm Expectation of the Blessed Virgin Mary - Celebrated on 18 December by nearly the entire Latin Church. Owing to the ancient law of the Church prohibiting the celebration of feasts during Lent (a law still in vigour at Milan), the Spanish Church transferred the feast of the Annunciation from 25 Ma - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05712a.htm Eudocia - Ælia Eudocia, sometimes wrongly called Eudoxia, was the wife of Theodosius II; died c. 460. Her original name was Athenais, and she was the daughter of Leontius, one of the last pagans who taught rhetoric at Athens. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05597a.htm Eschatology - A survey of the subject in various pre-Christian religions and cultures, an examination of the development of eschatology in the Old Testament, brief overview of Christian teaching. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05528b.htm Elie de Beaumont, Jean-Baptiste-Armand-Louis-LĂ©once - Geologist, b. at Canon (DĂ©p. Calvados), near Caen, France, 25 Sept., 1798; d. at Canon, 21 Sept., 1874. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05385b.htm Energy, The Law of Conservation of - Includes the history and philosophy. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05422a.htm Eucharist, as a Sacrament - Since Christ is present under the appearances of bread and wine in a sacramental way, the Blessed Eucharist is unquestionably a sacrament of the Church. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05584a.htm Encyclical - According to its etymology, an encyclical is nothing more than a circular letter. In modern times, usage has confined the term almost exclusively to certain papal documents which differ in their technical form from the ordinary style of either Bulls or Br - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05413a.htm Eudoxias - A titular see of Galatia Secunda in Asia Minor, suffragan of Pessinus. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05597b.htm Eternity - Eternity is defined by Boetius (De Consol. Phil., V, vi) as "possession, without succession and perfect, of interminable life". - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05551b.htm Essenes - One of three leading Jewish sects mentioned by Josephus as flourishing in the second century B.C., the others being the Pharisees and the Sadducees. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05546a.htm Exegesis, Biblical - The branch of theology which investigates and expresses the true sense of Sacred Scripture. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05692b.htm Expectative - An expectative, or an expectative grace, is the anticipatory grant of an ecclesiastical benefice, not vacant at the moment but which will become so, regularly, on the death of its present incumbent. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05712b.htm Emmerich, Anne Catherine - An Augustinian nun, stigmatic, and ecstatic, born 8 September, 1774, at Flamsche, near Coesfeld, in the Diocese of Munster, Westphalia, Germany; died at Dulmen, 9 February, 1824. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05406b.htm Egan, Michael - First bishop of Philadelphia, U.S.A., b. in Ireland, most probably in Galway, in 1761; d. at Philadelphia, 22 July, 1814. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05324c.htm Egypt - Provides information on history, religion, and literature. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05329b.htm Eccleston, Samuel - Fifth Archbishop of Baltimore, U.S.A. (1801-1851) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05269a.htm Educational Association, The Catholic - A voluntary organization composed of Catholic educators and other persons who have an interest in the welfare of Catholic education in the United States. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05305a.htm England (After 1558) - Article on the relation of the post-Reformation Catholic church to the English state. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05445a.htm Eckhart, Meister - Biographical article on the Dominican theologian and mystic. Includes bibliography. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05274a.htm Ephesians, Epistle to the - The letter which, in the manuscripts containing the Epistles of St. Paul, bears the title "To the Ephesians" comprises two parts distinctly separated by a doxology (Eph., iii, 20 sq.). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05485a.htm Elhuyar y de Suvisa, Fausto de - Mineralogist and chemist. (1755-1833) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05381a.htm Esther - Queen of Persia and wife of Assuerus, who is identified with Xerxes (485-465 B.C.). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05549a.htm Edward Waterson, Blessed - English priest, missionary, and martyr. Executed in 1594 (1593 old style). Biographical entry. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15566a.htm Eustace White, Saint - English convert to Catholicism, priest, missionary to his native land, martyred in 1591. Short biography. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15611b.htm Epiphany - The feast was called among the Syrians denho (up-going), a name to be connected with the notion of rising light expressed in Luke. I, 78. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05504c.htm English College, The, in Rome - Information on its foundation, scholastic status, and students. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05472b.htm Emmaus - A titular see in Pa1æstina Prima, suffragan of Cæsarea. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05405a.htm Espence, Claude D' - French theologian, born in 1511 at Châlons-sur-Marne; died 5 Oct., 1571, at Paris. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05542a.htm Erastus and Erastianism - The name "Erastianism" is often used in a somewhat loose sense as denoting an undue subservience of the Church to the State. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05514a.htm Ephesus - A titular archiespiscopal see in Asia Minor, said to have been founded in the eleventh century B.C. by Androcles, son of the Athenian King Codrus, with the aid of Ionian colonists. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05490a.htm Esglis, Louis-Philippe Mariauchau d' - Eighth Bishop of Quebec, Canada; born Quebec, 24 April, 1710; died 7 June, 1788. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05538a.htm Establishment, The - The union of Church and State setting up a definite and distinctive relation between the two is frequently expressed in English by the use of the word "establishment". - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05548a.htm Edwin, Saint - Biography of the first Christian King of Northumbria, who died in 633. Also known, in Latinized form, as Aeduini. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05323b.htm Epiklesis - The name of a prayer that occurs in all Eastern liturgies (and originally in Western liturgies also) after the words of Institution, in which the celebrant prays that God may send down His Holy Spirit to change this bread and wine into the Body and Blood - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05502a.htm Erdeswicke, Sampson - Antiquarian, date of birth unknown; died 1603. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05517b.htm Eastern Churches - Eastern Churches depended originally on the Eastern Empire at Constantinople. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05230a.htm Ephraim of Antioch - One of the defenders of the Faith of Chalcedon (451) against the Monophysites, b. at Amida in Mesopotamia; d. in 545. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05500a.htm Ecclesiasticus - The longest of the deuterocanonical books of the Bible, and the last of the Sapiential writings in the Vulgate of the Old Testament. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05263a.htm Exposition of the Blessed Sacrament - A manner of honouring the Holy Eucharist, by exposing it, with proper solemnity, to the view of the faithful in order that they may pay their devotions before it. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05713a.htm Esau - The eldest son of Isaac and Rebecca, the twin-brother of Jacob. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05527c.htm Entablature - A superstructure which lies horizontally upon the columns in classic architecture. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05479b.htm Edwy - King of the English, eldest son of Edmund and St. Aelfgifu, born about 940; died 959. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05324a.htm Ephod - a kind of garment, which differed according to its use by the high-priest, by other persons present at religious services, or as the object of idolatrous worship. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05497a.htm England (Before the Reformation) - This term England is here restricted to one constituent, the largest and most populous, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05431b.htm Endlicher, Stephan Ladislaus - Austrian botanist, linguist, and historian, b. at Pressburg, Hungary, 24 June, 1804; d. at Vienna, 28 March, 1849. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05421a.htm Erasmus, Desiderius - Article by Joseph Sauer. An extensive overview of the life, works and impact of this scholar. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05510b.htm Elizabeth, Sisters of Saint - From an association established by Dorothea Klara Wolff, in connection with the sisters, Mathilde and Maria Merkert, and Franziska Werner, 1842, in Nelsse (Prussia), to tend in their own homes, without compensation, helpless sick persons who could not or - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05388a.htm Emmeram, Saint, Abbey of - A Benedictine monastery at Ratisbon (Regensburg), named after its traditional founder, the patron saint of the city. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05406a.htm Ephesus, Council of - The third ecumenical council, held in 431. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05491a.htm Enthronization - From Greek 'enthronĂzein, to place on a throne. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05479c.htm Epistemology - That branch of philosophy which is concerned with the value of human knowledge. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05506a.htm Etschmiadzin - An Armenian monastery, since 1441 the ecclesiastical capital of the schismatic Armenians, and seat of their patriarch or catholicos, whom the greater part of the Non-Uniat Armenian Church acknowledge as their head. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05571a.htm Edward Stransham, Blessed - English priest and martyr, d. 1586. Biography. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14313b.htm Edward the Martyr, Saint - King of England, assassinated at the age of 16 or 17 at the behest of his stepmother. St. Edward was murdered in 979. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05323a.htm Elizabeth Associations - Charitable associations of women in Germany which aim for the love of Christ to minister to the bodily and spiritual sufferings of the sick poor and of neglected children. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05388b.htm Epicureanism - In its popular sense, the word stands for a refined and calculating selfishness, seeking not power or fame, but the pleasures of sense, particularly of the palate, and those in company rather than solitude. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05500b.htm Emmanuel - Signifies "God with us" (Matthew 1:23), and is the name of the child predicted in Isaias 7:14: "Behold a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and his name shall be called Emmanuel". - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05404a.htm Edward the Confessor, Saint - Short biography of the King of England, who died in 1066. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05322a.htm Endowment - A property, fund, or revenue permanently appropriated for the support of any person, institution, or object, as a student, professorship, school, hospital. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05421b.htm Encyclopedia - An abridgment of human knowledge in general or a considerable department thereof, treated from a uniform point of view or in a systematized summary. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05414a.htm English Literature - Latin, French, Italian, Greek, and Spanish literatures are a few of the influences. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05458a.htm Ephesus, Robber Council of - The Acts of the first session of this synod were read at the Council of Chalcedon, 451, and have thus been preserved. The remainder of the Acts are known only through a Syriac translation by a Monophysite monk, published from the British Museum MS. Addit. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05495a.htm Edward Jones, Blessed - Welsh convert to Catholicism. Became a priest. He was martyred in 1590. Article also has some information on his fellow martyr Anthony Middleton. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08500a.htm Epact - The surplus days of the solar over the lunar year; hence, more freely, the number of days in the age of the moon on 1 January of any given year. The whole system of epacts is based on the Metonic Lunar Cycle, and serves to indicate the days of the year on - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05480b.htm EpĂ©e, Charles-Michel de l' - A philanthropic priest and inventor of the sign alphabet for the instruction of the deaf and dumb; was b. at Versailles, 25 November, 1712; d. at Paris, 23 December, 1789. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05484b.htm Eparchy - Originally the name of one of the divisions of the Roman Empire. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05484a.htm Egyptian Church Ordinance - An early Christian collection of thirty-one canons regulating ordinations, the liturgy, and other main features of church life. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05363a.htm Engaddi - The name of a warm spring near the center of the west shore of the Dead Sea, and also of a town situated in the same place. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05428a.htm England, John - First Bishop of Charleston, S.C. (1786-1842) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05470a.htm Education of the Blind - Includes statistics and history. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05306a.htm Elevation, The - The Elevation of the Mass is a rite of comparatively recent introduction. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05380b.htm Eclecticism - A philosophical term meaning either a tendency of mind in a thinker to conciliate the different views or positions taken in regard to problems, or a system in philosophy which seeks the solution of its fundamental problems by selecting and uniting what it - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05276a.htm Emesa - A titular see of PhÂśnicia Secunda, suffragan of Damascus, and the seat of two Uniat archdioceses, Greek Melchite and Syrian. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05402a.htm Eycken, Jean Baptiste van - Painter, born at Brussels, Belgium, 16 September, 1809; died at Schaerbeek, 19 December, 1853. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05735a.htm Elias of Jerusalem - Died 518; one of the two Catholic bishops (with Flavian of Antioch) who resisted the attempt of the Emperor Anastasius I (491-518) to abolish the Council of Chalcedon (451). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05385a.htm English Hierarchy, Reorganization of the - The restoration of the English hierarchy in 1850 was a milestone for English Catholics after the Penal Times. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16037d.htm Edmund, Congregation of Saint - Founded in 1843, by Jean-Baptiste Muard, at Pontigny, France, for the work of popular missions. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05293a.htm Egan, Boetius - Archbishop of Tuam, born near Tuam, Ireland, 1734; died near Tuam, 1798. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05324b.htm Eucharist, Introduction to the - The name given to the Blessed Sacrament of the Altar its twofold aspect of sacrament and Sacrifice of Mass, and in which Jesus Christ is truly present under the bread and wine. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05572c.htm Eleazar - Includes information on three uses of this name. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05373b.htm Evolution, History and Scientific Foundation of - History, definition, and various arguments. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05655a.htm Education - In the broadest sense, education includes all those experiences by which intelligence is developed, knowledge acquired, and character formed. In a narrower sense, it is the work done by certain agencies and institutions, the home and the school, for the e - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05295b.htm Emancipation, Ecclesiastical - In ancient Rome emancipation was a process of law by which a slave released from the control of his master, or a son liberated from the authority of his father (patria potestas), was declared legally independent. The earliest ecclesiastical employment of - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05399a.htm Emanationism - The doctrine that emanation (Lat. emanare, "to flow from") is the mode by which all things are derived from the First Reality, or Principle. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05397b.htm Encratites - Literally, "abstainers" or "persons who practised continency", because they refrained from the use of wine, animal food, and marriage. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05412c.htm Empiricism - Primarily, and in its psychological application, the term signifies the theory that the phenomena of consciousness are simply the product of sensuous experience, i.e. of sensations variously associated and arranged. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05407a.htm Eusebius, Chronicle of - Consists of two parts: the first was probably called by Eusebius the "Chronograph" or "Chronographies"; the second he terms the "Canon", or "Canons", and also the "Chronological Canons". - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05616a.htm Edmund Arrowsmith, Saint - English Jesuit and martyr, d. 1628. Short biography. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05293b.htm Ember Days - The days at the beginning of the seasons ordered by the Church as days of fast and abstinence. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05399b.htm Embolism - An insertion, addition, interpretation. The word has two specific uses in the language of the Church; in the prayer and in the calendar. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05399c.htm Epiphanius of Salamis, Saint - Biographical article on the fourth-century monk and bishop. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13393b.htm Epiphanius of Constantinople - Succeeded John II (518-20) as Patriarch of Constantinople. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05504b.htm Elect - Denotes in general one chosen or taken by preference from among two or more; as a theological term it is equivalent to "chosen as the object of mercy or Divine favour, as set apart for eternal life". - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05374a.htm Eckebert - Abbot of Schönau, born in the early part of the twelfth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05273b.htm Ercilla y Zúñiga, Alonso de - Spanish soldier and poet, born in Madrid, 7 August, 1533; died in the same city, 29 November, 1594. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05516b.htm Ecclesiastes - The name given to the book of Holy Scripture which usually follows the Proverbs; the Hebrew Qoheleth probably has the same meaning. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05244b.htm Epiphanius - A translator of various Greek works in the middle of the sixth century of the Christian Era. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05504a.htm Ephesus, Seven Sleepers of - One of the many examples of the legend about a man who falls asleep and years after wakes up to find the world changed. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05496a.htm Eckhel, Joseph Hilarius - German numismatist. (1737-1798) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05274b.htm Evesham Abbey - Founded by St. Egwin, third Bishop of Worcester, about 701, in Worcestershire, England, and dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05648a.htm Euthalius - A deacon of Alexandria and later Bishop of Sulca. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05629b.htm Eustachius, Bartolomeo - A distinguished anatomist of the Renaissance period. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05626d.htm Edmund the Martyr, Saint - Short biography of the King of East Anglia, who died in 870. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05295a.htm Expeditors, Apostolic - Officials who attend to the sending of Bulls, Briefs, and Rescripts, that emanate from the Apostolic Chancery, the Dataria, the Sacred Paenitentiaria, and the Secretariate of Briefs. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05712c.htm Eguiara y Eguren, Juan JosĂ© - Mexican scholar. (d. 1763) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16037b.htm Eustace, John Chetwode - Antiquary, b. in Ireland, c. 1762; d. at Naples, Italy, 1 Aug., 1815. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05626b.htm Eusebius of Cæsarea - Biographical article on the "Father of Church History." - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05617b.htm Eusebius, Pope Saint - Reigned for only four months, in 309 or 310, was deported, died in exile, is counted as a martyr. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05615b.htm English Confessors and Martyrs (1534-1729) - Since this article was published, some of the causes for canonization have been successful, and others have progressed from "venerable" to "blessed." - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05474a.htm Ecclesiastical Art - Article explores the origin, history, and types. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05248a.htm ElishĂ© - Armenian historian of the fifth century, place and date of birth unknown, d. 480. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05387a.htm Estiennot de la Serre, Claude - Benedictine. (1639-1699) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05551a.htm Eckart, Anselm - Missionary, born at Bingen, Germany, 4 August, 1721; died at the College of Polstok, Polish Russia, 29 June, 1809. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05273a.htm Ezzo - A priest of Bamberg in the eleventh century, author of a famous poem known as the "Song of the Miracles of Christ". - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05739b.htm Eginhard - Historian, born c. 770 in the district watered by the River Main in the eastern part of the Frankish Empire; d. 14 March, 840, at Seligenstadt. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05366b.htm Egoism - Synopsis of this ethical system, and short refutation. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05328a.htm Evolution, Catholics and - Discussed under the headings: (1) Scientific Hypothesis vs. Philosophical Speculation; (2) Theistic vs. Atheistic Theories of Evolution; (3) The Theory of Evolution vs. Darwinism; and (4) Human Evolution vs. Plant and Animal Evolution. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05654a.htm Edmund Campion, Saint - English Jesuit, martyr, d. 1581. Biographical article. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05293c.htm Euphemius of Constantinople - Succeeded as patriarch Flavitas (or Fravitas, 489-490), who succeeded Acacius (471-489). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05606a.htm Eulogia - The term has been applied in ecclesiastical usage to the object blessed. It was occasionally used in early times to signify the Holy Eucharist, and in this sense is especially frequent in the writings of St. Cyril of Alexandria. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05603b.htm Edward III - Detailed biographical article on the King of England. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05321a.htm Echard, Jacques - Historian of the Dominicans, born at Rouen, France, 22 September, 1644; died at Paris, 15 March, 1724. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05270a.htm Eyck, Hubert and Jan van - Brothers, Flemish illuminators and painters, founders of the school of Bruges and consequently of all the schools of painting in the North of Europe. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05732a.htm Ecclesiastical Architecture - All ecclesiastical architecture may be said to have been evolved from two distinct germ-cells, the oblong and the circular chamber. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05257a.htm Eyre, Thomas - First president of Ushaw College; born at Glossop, Derbyshire; in 1748; died at Ushaw, 8 May, 1810. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05736a.htm Eudists - An ecclesiastical society instituted at Caen, France, 25 March, 1643, by Jean Eudes. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05596b.htm Euchologion - The name of one of the chief Service books of the Byzantine Church. It corresponds more or less to the Missal and Ritual. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05595b.htm Eucherius, Saint - Bishop of Lyons, theologian, d. about 449. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05595a.htm Ethethard - The fourteenth Archbishop of Canterbury, England, date of birth unknown; died 12 May, 805. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05555a.htm Espousals of the Blessed Virgin Mary - A feast of the Latin Church. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05543a.htm Easterwine - Abbot of Wearmouth, nephew of St. Benedict Biscop; born 650, died 7 March, 686. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05240a.htm Exuperius, Saint - Or Exsuperius. Early fifth-century bishop of Toulouse. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05731a.htm Erdington Abbey - Situated in a suburb of Birmingham, Warwickshire, England, belongs to the Benedictine congregation of St. Martin of Beuron, Germany, and is dedicated to St. Thomas of Canterbury. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05517c.htm Examiners, Apostolic - So called because appointed by the Apostolic See for service in Rome. In 1570 Pius V instituted the Apostolic examiners to conduct examinations of candidates for orders and of confessors. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05675b.htm Epiphania - A titular see in Cilicia Secunda, in Asia Minor, suffragan of Anazarbus. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05503a.htm Ebionites - Two varieties: the earlier group called Ebionites denied the divinity of Christ; the later Ebionites were a Gnostic sect who believed that matter was eternal and was God's body. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05242c.htm Echave, Baltasar de - Painter, born at Zumaya, Guipuzcoa, Spain, in the latter part of the sixteenth century; died in Mexico about the middle of the seventeenth. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05270b.htm Evangelist - In the New Testament this word, in its substantive form, occurs only three times: Acts, xxi, 8; Eph., iv, 11; II Tim., iv, 5. It seems to indicate not so much an order in the early ecclesiastical hierarchy as a function. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05645a.htm Ezekiel - Son of Buzi, and was one of the priests who, in the year 598 B.C., had been deported together with Joachim as prisoners from Jerusalem (IV Kings, xxiv, 12-16; cf. Ezek. xxxiii, 21, xl, 1). - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05737b.htm Extravagantes - This word is employed to designate some papal decretals not contained in certain canonical collections which possess a special authority, i.e. they are not found in the Decree of Gratian or the three official collections of the "Corpus Juris". - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05715a.htm Eccleston, Thomas of - Thirteenth-century Friar Minor and chronicler. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05269b.htm Exedra - A semicircular stone or marble seat; a rectangular or semicircular recess; the portico of the Grecian palæstra, or gymnasium, in which disputations of the learned were held among the ancients; also, in private houses, the parastas, or vestibule, used for - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05692a.htm Examiners, Synodal - The chief purpose of synodal examiners is to conduct competitive examinations or concursus though they may be designated to hold of other examinations. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05676a.htm Ebermann, Veit - Theologian and controversialist, born 25 May, 1597, at Rendweisdorff, in Bavaria; died 8 April, 1675. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05516a.htm Eymeric, Nicolas - Theologian and inquisitor, born at Gerona, in Catalonia, Spain, c. 1320; died there 4 January, 1399. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05735c.htm Eznik - A writer of the fifth century, born at Golp, in the province of Taikh, a tributary valley of the Chorokh, in Northern Armenia. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05739a.htm Extension - Philosophical term. From Lat. ex-tendere, to spread out. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05714a.htm Eusebius Bruno - Bishop of Angers, b. in the early part of the eleventh century; d. at Angers, 29 August, 1081. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05616b.htm Easton, Adam - Cardinal, born at Easton in Norfolk; died at Rome, 15 September (according to others, 20 October), 1397. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05240b.htm Eve of a Feast - In the first ages, during the night before every feast, a vigil was kept. In the evening the faithful assembled in the place or church where the feast was to be celebrated and prepared themselves by prayers, readings from Holy Writ (now the Offices of Ves - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05647a.htm Eyston, Charles - Antiquary, born 1667; died 5 November, 1721; he was a member of the ancient family of Eyston. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05736b.htm Eyb, Albrecht von - One of the earliest German humanists, born in 1420 near Anabach in Franconia; died in 1475. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05731b.htm Easter Controversy - The dispute regarding the proper time of observing Easter. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05228a.htm Executor, Apostolic - A cleric who puts into execution a papal rescript, completing what is necessary in order that it be effective. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05691a.htm Eberhard of Ratisbon - A German chronicler about the beginning of the fourteenth century. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05242b.htm Eusebius of Alexandria - Ecclesiastical writer and author of a number of homilies well known in the sixth and seventh centuries. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05617a.htm Est, Willem Hessels van - Famous commentator on the Pauline Epistles. (1542-1613) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05547a.htm Exeter, Ancient Diocese of - English see, chosen by Leofric, Bishop of Crediton, as his cathedral city in 1050. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05708a.htm Ephraem, Saint - Long article on the life and works of the hermit, deacon, poet. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05498a.htm Eperies - Diocese of the Greek Ruthenian Rite, suffragan to Gran. - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05484c.htm |
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