JIU - Java Imaging Utilities - This library offers functionality to load, analyze, process and save pixel images. [Open Source, GPL] - http://schmidt.devlib.org/jiu/
VirtualMachine.com - Utility class libraries: VMMemoryWatcher library that visually track memory changes in Java Virtual Machine; Flow monitor library that visually track process flow between containers. [Open source] - http://www.virtualmachine.com/java/
JDrawing - A Swing component for displaying vector graphics and animation. It can deal efficiently with very large vector images e.g. geographic maps or electronic circuits. - http://jdrawing.sourceforge.net/
JGraph - Graph visualization component for Swing. Includes tutorial, FAQ, and user guide. [Open Source, LGPL] - http://www.jgraph.com/
G - Generic 2D graphics library for Java. [Open source, LGPL] - http://geosoft.no/graphics/
GINY (Graph INterface librarY) - Implements a very innovative system for sub-graphing and allows for stunning visuals and it provide a number of layout algorithms. [Open source, LGPL] - http://csbi.sourceforge.net/
HyperGraph - A Swing based API to visualise graphs using hyperbolic geometry (hyperbolic trees). Example applet provided. [Open source, GPL] - http://hypergraph.sourceforge.net/
Java Imaging and Graphics Library - Provides classes for data storage, image processing, image I/O and image display [Open Source, GPL]. - http://rivit.cs.byu.edu/jigl/v1_5/index.htm
Image Toolz - Manipulation methods for inversion, rotation, shifting, adding, loading, saving and creating images. (Open Source) - http://www.bluering.nl/imagetoolz/index.html
GEF - Graph Editing Framework - Class library for constructing graph/diagram editing applications. [Open Source, Apache] - http://gef.tigris.org/
XColor - Subclass of java.awt.Color that knows 752 colors by name - can be substituted for wherever java.awt.Color is used in programs. [Freeware] - http://www.darwinsys.com/freeware/XColor.jar
OpenJGraph - Various graph-drawing and traversal algorithms. Support for user interaction such as adding and removing vertices. [Open Source, GPL] - http://openjgraph.sourceforge.net/
Java-Gnome - Java GTK+ and Gnome bindings using JNI. [Open Source, LGPL] - http://java-gnome.sourceforge.net/
JGo graphical object editor - A library for graphs, diagrams and networks, with an option for automatic layout by Northwoods Software. [Commercial] - http://www.nwoods.com/go/jgo.htm
PJA Toolkit - For generating images on servers, without the need for an X server. [Open Source, GPL] - http://www.eteks.com/pja/en/
Zooki Technologies - ExplicitLayout layout manager (Commercial) and EventInitializer to replace your anonymous inner classes (BSD). - http://www.zookitec.com/
ILOG JViews - Library and components based on Java2D for maps, diagrams, graph layout, gantt chart, charts, editors and workflow. For client or server side graphics, including SVG. - http://www.ilog.com/products/jviews/
JInsight.com - Offers various class libraries including "JetChart Library", which displays a variety of types of charts. [Commercial] - http://www.jinsight.com/