Computers : Programming : Languages : Constraint :

- High-level programming language to write constraint systems; makes it easy to define constraint reasoning: simplification and propagation, and incremental solving (satisfaction) of constraints. Run and test CHR online; do a demo, try it now.
- http://www.cs.kuleuven.ac.be/~dtai/projects/CHR/

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Constraints: An International Journal

- Covering all aspects of computing with constraints; on paper or online; fee required.
- http://www.springer.com/east/home?SGWID=5-102-70-35487134-detailsPage=journal|description|description

Choco

- Java library for constraint satisfaction problems (CSP), constraint programming (CP), explanation-based constraint solving (e-CP). Built on event-based propagation mechanism with backtrackable structures. [Open Source, BSD]
- http://choco.sourceforge.net/

Gecode

- Generic Constraint Development Environment. Constraint solver implemented as C++ library. Main goals: modifiability, extensibility, speed. Features: integer and set variables, large constraint set, copying-based search. [Open Source, BSD]
- http://www.gecode.org/

ICOT Free Software

- Free constraint software developed by Institute for New Generation Computer Technology (ICOT), Japan: Constraint MGTP (CMGTP) model generation theorem prover (MGTP), MGTP-G, KLIC, some cu-Prologs, and documents. FTP site.
- ftp://ftp.icot.or.jp/ifs/

ThingLabII: Constraint-based user interfaces

- Supports exploration of constraint-based user interfaces; consists of a set of classes that define constraints and constrainable objects called things. Incremental constraint satisfier, module compiler, construction-set style user interface, many tools, e
- http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/ai-repository/ai/areas/constrnt/systems/thinglab/0.html

Garnet: Brad A. Myers

- Personal page of Garnet inventor and lead researcher. Describes Garnet motives, rationale.
- http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~bam/

Natural Programming

- Attempt to make a system that is easier to learn and use than anything available to novice programmers today: HANDS: Human-centered Advances for Novice Development of Software. School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University; NSF funded.
- http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~NatProg/

Garnet Project

- Generating an Amalgam of Real-time, Novel Editors and Toolkits; developed by User Interface Software Group, Human Computer Interaction Institute, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University. Free: public domain.
- http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~garnet/

ResearchIndex: Kaleidoscope: A Constraint Imperative Programming Language

- The Constraint Imperative Programming CIP family of languages integrates constraints and imperative, object oriented programming. Besides merging useful features of both paradigms, such integration has synergistic effects.
- http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/lopez93kaleidoscope.html

MAC and Combined Heuristics: Two Reasons to Forsake FC (and CBJ?) on Hard Problems

- ResearchIndex: In the last 20 years, many algorithms and heuristics were developed to find solutions in constraint networks. Their number increased so much that it quickly became vital to compare performance to propose a small number of good methods.
- http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/bessiere96mac.html

Garnet: Multi-Garnet: Integrating Multi-Way Constraints with Garnet

- ResearchIndex: Constraints provide a useful mechanism to maintain relations in user interface toolkits. Garnet is a widely used user interface toolkit with high functionality, based on one way, required constraints. Multi-Garnet extends this by adding sup
- http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/62541.html

ThingLab - A Constraint-Oriented Simulation Laboratory

- Book by Alan Borning.
- http://www.2share.com/thinglab/ThingLab%20-%20index.html

MAC

- FTP download, no separate documentation.
- http://www.lirmm.fr/ftp/pub/CSP/

Seventh International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming

- 2001 November 26 - December 1, Paphos, Cyprus.
- http://www2.cs.ucy.ac.cy/~iclpcp01/CP01home.html

Garnet Toolkit FAQ

- Frequently Asked Questions about Garnet user interface development environment for Common Lisp and X11 or Macintosh developed by User Interface Software Group, Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University.
- http://www.faqs.org/faqs/garnet-faq/

Cassowary

- Incremental constraint solving toolkit, efficiently solves systems of linear equalities, inequalities. Constraints can be requirements or preferences. Client code specifies constraints to maintain, and the solver updates constrained variables to have valu
- http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/constraints/cassowary/

A Differential Approach to Graphical Interaction

- The ad hoc manner in which direct manipulation interfaces have been designed and implemented restricts the types of interactive controls. This dissertation presents a new approach for a systematic method to implement flexible, combinable interactive contr
- http://www.cs.wisc.edu/graphics/Papers/Gleicher/Thesis/

Constraints for the Web

- Constraints can specify desired layout of web documents, and behavior of embedded applets: 2 system architectures where author and viewer can make layout constraints, needed and optional. Final appearance of page comes from negotiation between author and
- http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/constraints/web/mm97.dir/

Omega Project

- Frameworks and algorithms for analyzing and transforming scientific programs; 2 major components: the Omega test system to manipulate sets of affine constraints over integer variables; and developing frameworks to analyze and transform programs.
- http://www.cs.umd.edu/projects/omega/

Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming

- Book by Vijay Saraswat and Pascal Van Hentenryck. Description of book, MIT Press: collection of 23 original papers is first effort to assemble the work of constraint programming researchers scattered across the world in multiple disciplines.
- http://www-mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=8270

DeltaBlue: Benchmarking Java with Richards and DeltaBlue

- Constraint solver benchmark, in Java; about 1000 lines of code. DeltaBlue first implemented by John Maloney at University of Washington, translated to many languages: C, C++, Java; Smalltalk. [Sun Microsystems Labs]
- http://research.sun.com/people/mario/java_benchmarking/

StarFLIP++

- Free, reusable iterative optimization library for combinatorial problems with fuzzy constraints. GNU LGPL.
- http://www.dbai.tuwien.ac.at/proj/StarFLIP/

Pascal Van Hentenryck

- Brown University, US. Some constraint papers.
- http://www.cs.brown.edu/people/pvh/

Constraint-based Languages and Environments for Building Interactive Systems

- Page about Alan Borning, a leading researcher in the field. From NSF conference ISGW '97: Interactive Systems Grantees Workshop.
- http://cslu.cse.ogi.edu/nsf/isgw97/reports/borning.html

GUIdeLA: Constraint Language and System for Constructing Graphical User Interfaces

- Building a user-friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI) with languages like C++ or Java is difficult and time-consuming, because such languages demand specifying many details about the geometric data of layout, the sequence in which items are displayed, t
- http://www.icot.or.jp/ARCHIVE/Museum/FUNDING/97/plan22.html

Techno-Pulsar

- Potent new optimization technology for multidimensional optimization practical problems with continuous, breaking nondifferentiative and stochastic goal functions, 100 or more variables, cuts the cost and time to creation of new technical systems.
- http://www.orc.ru/~pulsar/

Advanced Constraint Techniques for User Interface Implementation

- Project to develop and explore using advanced constraint methods to make user interface software. Constraints as a general computational technique allow declaring a set of relationships between entities. A constraint satisfaction system is employed to aut
- http://cslu.cse.ogi.edu/nsf/isgw97/reports/hudson.html

Graph Theory and Constraint Programming

- University course: definitions, lecture notes, books, language descriptions, links.
- http://www.cs.adfa.edu.au/~gtc/GTC/

ILOG Solver

- ILOG's constraint-programming optimization engine, providing cutting-edge optimization technology and an optimization library for workforce scheduling, league scheduling, sequencing, configuration, dispatching and resource-allocation applications with log
- http://www.ilog.com/products/solver/

Koalog Constraint Solver

- Java library for constraint programming. It provides technology for solving satisfaction and optimization problems including: scheduling, planning, routing, time tabling, resource allocation, configuration and many others. KCS includes a solver on bool
- http://www.koalog.com/php/jcs.php

Brandeis Interval Arithmetic Constraint Solver

- Java applet that solves non-linear real arithmetic constraints.
- http://www.cs.brandeis.edu/~tim/Applets/IAsolver.html

Book: Foundations of Constraint Satisfaction

- Description of book, Academic Press, release 1993: programs from book.
- http://cswww.essex.ac.uk/CSP/edward/FCS.html

Book: Programming with Constraints: an Introduction

- Description of book, MIT Press, release March 1998: programs from book, slides for courses for use with book.
- http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/~pjs/book/book.html

University of Washington: Constraint-Based Systems

- Constraints research group, Department of Computer Science and Engineering. Home of DeltaBlue, Cassowary. Neat constraint Java Applet demonstrates a theorem about quadrilaterals.
- http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/constraints/

DeltaBlue Code Archive

- For incremental dataflow constraint solver, implemented in varied languages, each in a subdirectory named after the language: C DEC, C SUN4; Common Lisp, Smalltalk.
- ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/constraints/code/DeltaBlue/

DeltaBlue Constraint Solver

- Efficient, incremental local propagation constraint solver. Like most local propagation algorithms, it cannot accommodate cyclic constraints. University of Washington site.
- http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/constraints/deltablue/

E-constraints.net

- Home of Explanation-based Constraint Programming. Definitions, applications, libraries, links.
- http://www.e-constraints.net/

University of Essex: Constraint Programming Group

- Several very interesting projects: GENET; Guided Local Search, GLS; Guided Genetic Algorithm, GLS; Adaptive Constraint Satisfaction, ACS; Computer-Aided Constraint-Programming, CACP.
- http://cswww.essex.ac.uk/CSP/

Guide to Constraint Programming

- Online tutorial/textbook for beginners to the area of constraint programming. This area is of the set of less known software technologies, but is evolving rapidly and has a growing, significant commercial interest.
- http://ktiml.mff.cuni.cz/~bartak/constraints/